Wrist & Hand Flashcards
How many bones in the wrist and hand
27
How many bones in the wrist
8
Bones in the distal end of the wrist
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Bones at the proximal end of the wrist
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Distal wrist bones articulate with
Carpometacarpal
Proximal wrist bones articulate with
the ends of the radius and ulna
Joint type: wrist
synovial ellipsoid (4 movements0
Movements of the wrist
Flexion
Extension
Abduction (radial deviation)
Adduction (ulnar deviation)
Muscles: Wrist flexors
Flexor carpi ULNARIS (pisiform & 5th)
Flexor carpi RADIALIS (2nd & 3rd)
Palmaris Longus (absent in 15%)
Muscles: Wrist extensors
Extensor carpi ULNARIS
Extensor carpi RADIALIS LONGUS
Extensor carpi RADIALIS BREVIS
Muscles: Radial deviation (abduction)
Flexor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Muscles: Ulna deviation (adduction)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Muscles that cause the hand to move can be located out with the boney hand structure
extrinsic muscles
muscles that are actually located within the hand structure
Intrinsic muscles
Bones of the hand
Metacarpals (palm) x 5
Proximal phalanges x 5
Middle phalanges (not thumb) x4
Distal phalanges (tips) x 5
Movements of thumb
Abduction Adduction Extension Flexion Opposition Reposition
Joint at carpals (wrist) and metacarpals
carpometacarpal (CMC)
Joint metacarpals and proximal phalanges (KNUCKLES)
metacarpophalangeal (MCP)
Condyloid joint
Joint proximal phalanges and middle phalanges
proximal interphalangeal (PIP) Hinge joint
Joint end of fingers
Distal interphalangeal (DIPS) Hinge joint
Thumb joint with metacarpal trapezium
saddle joint
Muscles OPPOSITION thumb and little finger
Opponens pollicis (thumb) opponens digiti minimi (little finger)
Muscles bend thumb
Flexor pollicis longus (thumb)
Flexor pollicis brevis (thumb)
Muscles: Flexion of HAND
Flexor digitorum profundus (DIP, PIP, MCP)
Flexor digitorum superficialis (PIP, MCP)
Flexor pollicis longus (thumb)
Flexor pollicis brevis (thumb)
Flexor digiti minimi brevis (little finger)
Lumbricals and interossei (MCP)
Muscles: Extension of hand
Extensor Digitorum (fingers) Extensors indicis (fingers) Extensor digiti minimi (MCP, PIP, DIP) Extensor pollicis longus (thumb) Extensor pollicis brevis (thumb)
Muscles: Abduction of HAND
Dorsal Interossei (fingers),
Abductor digiti minimi (little finger),
Abductors pollicis longus (thumb)
Abductor pollicis brevis (thumb)
Muscles: Adduction of HAND
Palmar Interossei (fingers), Adductor pollicis (thumb)
Carpal tunnel formed by
distal carpal bones flexor retinaculum (Firm ligament)
Tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel
Flexor digitorum profundus (DIP, PIP, MCP)
Flexor digitorum superficialis (PIP, MCP)
Ball grip
Circular knobs, Balls, tops of mugs, jars
Fingers and thumb adduct onto the object
Hook/snap grip
Carrying suitcase, bucket shopping bag
Only flexed finger involved, not thumb
Cylinder grip
Holding racket, jug, handbrake of car
Palmer surface and finger around the handle, thumb in opposition
Power grips
Ball
Hook
Cylinder
Precision grips
Plate
Palmer pinch
Lateral/key
Pincer grip
Plate grip
Holding a plate or something that needs to be horizontal
Pinch grip
Used to hold and manipulate small tools e.g. sewing needle, small screwdriver
Key / lateral grip
holding a key
pincer grip/tip to tip grip
beads or pins
