Types of muscle work

Question 1

Primer mover

Answer 1

agonist

Question 2

Antagonist

Answer 2

opposit side of joint to agonist

Question 3

Agonist contracts (shortens) Antagonist?

Answer 3

relax (lengthen)

Question 4

Synergist

Answer 4

inhibits movements not required

Question 5

Movers of elbow flexion

Answer 5

Agonist/Prime movers: Biceps brachii & Brachialis
Antagonist: Triceps & Anconeus
Synergist: Pronator teres

Question 6

Role of fixators

Answer 6

Muscles that stabilise proximal joints (help keep them in the right position) while more distal joints move

Question 7

Types of muscle work

Answer 7

Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric

Question 8

Concentric muscle work

Answer 8

Isotonic Shortening

Where agonist muscles shorten to produce movement against a resistance (& gravity

Question 9

Eccentric muscle work

Answer 9

Isotonic Lengthening

Muscle lengthens to control movement

Question 10

Static muscle work

Answer 10

Isometric - muscles are working but are not changing length

Question 11

Cog-wheel rigidity

Answer 11

Parkinson’s disease

Muscle tone is interrupted by a series of jerks

Question 12

Muscle atrophy

Answer 12

state where the muscles are wasting away

Question 13

Disuse atrophy

Answer 13

nerve impulses are disrupted to the inactive muscle

Question 14

Denervation atrophy

Answer 14

nerve supply is entirely cut from the muscle
muscle fibres are replaced by fibrous tissue.
This is irreversible when it happens

Question 15

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 15

Progressive disorder of childhood.
Passed onto boys from their unaffected mothers.
It is incurable.

Question 16

Motor neurone disease

Answer 16

progressive disorder leading to profound wasting of the muscles of the limbs
begins in adulthood and often begins with severe wasting of the hands