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kinesiology > wrist/ hand > Flashcards

wrist/ hand Flashcards

1
Q

wrist joint (4)

A
  1. compound/ complex (radial/ ulnar disc)
    2 components:
  2. radiocarpal- distal end of R/RU disc articulating with proximal row of carpals (except pisiform)
  3. midcarpal
  4. biaxial: flext/extend (x) 80-90’/ 70-80’ radial/ ulnar deviation (z) 25’/35’
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2
Q

movement analysis: fully flexed -> extension (3)

A
  1. midcarpal- full flexed -> neutral
  2. distal carpals (plus scaphoid):neutral -> 45’ they are moving on proximal row and distal radius
  3. radiocarpal- 45’ -> full extension
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3
Q

ulnar deviation analysis of movement (and plane) (3)

A 
1. scaphoid movement (saggital plane)   
    extends 
carpals movement (frontal):  
2. distal row -> ulnarly  
3. proximal row -> radialy
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4
Q

wrist ligaments (8)

A

dorsal:
1. radiolunate
2. radiotriquietrium
these two only stabilize RC joint
palmar:
3. radiotriquietrium
4. radiocapitate
5. ulnocapitate
these three stabilize Mid carpal and RC joint
6. ulnolunatecollateral
7. radiocollateral (to scaphoid)
8. ulnarcollateral (triquetrium, pisiform, 5th MC)

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5
Q

primary wrist flexors (7)

A
  1. FCR
  2. FCU
  3. plamaris longus
    (all are shunt muscles for elbow)
  4. FDP
  5. FDS
  6. FPL
  7. AbPL
    these 4 are extrinsic finger flexors
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6
Q

primary wrist extensors (7)

A
  1. ECRL
  2. ECRB
  3. ECU
    shunt muscles for elbow
  4. ED
  5. EI (extensor indicies)
  6. EDM
  7. EPL
    these 4 are extrinsic finger extensors
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7
Q

primary radial deviators (7)

A
  1. EPL
  2. EPB
  3. AbPL
  4. FPL
  5. FCR
  6. ECRB
  7. ECRL
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8
Q

primary ulnar deviators (3)

A
  1. FCU
  2. ECU
  3. EDM
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9
Q

CMC joints and functional movement(4)

A
  1. distal carpals with MC- all work on corresponding MC #
  2. function of MC is to orientate hand around object (cupping and uncupping)
  3. function of MC 1 is opposition
  4. 1st (thumb) is most mobile, then #5, 4 and 2/3 are not very mobile
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10
Q

CMC 2nd -> 5th cupping muscles (4)

A

cupping = flexion

  1. FCU
  2. FCR
  3. FDP
  4. FDS
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11
Q

CMC 2nd -> 5th uncupping muscles (4)

A

uncupping = extension

  1. ECU
  2. ECRB
  3. ED
  4. ECRL
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12
Q

MCP joint (type of movement and ROM) (6)

A
  1. knuckles
  2. proximal phalanges (concave) move on 3. convex heads of MC ==> translatory and rotary movement is in the same direction
  3. 2nd -> 5th MCP joint- biaxial
    flexion/ ab/duction with third finger as reference point for ab/duction
    normal ROM
  4. flex/ extend 90-110’/ 45-60’
  5. ab/duction 20’
  6. 1st MCP = hinge (uniaxial)
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13
Q

PIP and DIPs (type of movement and ROM) (5)

A 
1. uniaxial (hinge)
ROM - PIP
 2. 100-130' (digit 5 moves less than digit 2)
3. concave moving on convex 
ROM - DIP
 4. flex/extend 80-90'/ 10'
5. thumb: flex/ extend 80/10'
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14
Q

hand flexor muscles (digits 2-5) (4)

A

extrinsic- forearm flexors
1. FDP- MCP flexor/ IP extensor (inn ulnar and median nerve)
intrinsic:
2. 4 lumbricals (don’t attach to bone)
3. 4 dorsal interossei (abduct in neutral wrist)
4. 3 palmar interossei (adduct in neutral wrist)

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15
Q

hand extensor muscles (digits 2-5) (3)

A 
extrinsic:
 1. extensor digitorum (codependent with lumbricals and interossei 
intrinsic:
 2. lumbricals
 3. interossei (flexors and extensors)
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16
Q

thumb movements at CMC joint(7)

(Types of joint, movement and axis)

A
  1. CMC biaxial (+) joint
  2. saddle joint
    movements:
  3. in anatomical position flexion = bringing thumb into palm (z axis)
    1. this is concave 1st MC moving on convex trapezium
  4. ab/duction is movement around x axis
  5. this is convex 1st MC moving on concave trapezium
  6. axial rotation- movement into and out of palm
17
Q

thumb MCP joint (type and ROM) (2)

A
  1. hinge
    normal ROM
  2. flex/ extend 70’/45’
18
Q

thumb IP normal ROM

A
  1. flex/ extend 80’/10’
19
Q

intrinsic thumb muscles (4)

A
  1. flexor pollicis brevis
  2. abductor policis brevis
  3. adductor policis
  4. opponens
20
Q

hypothenar muscles (3)

A
  1. AbDM
  2. FDM
  3. OppDM
21
Q

prehension

A

grasp

22
Q

power grasp (5)

A
  1. stabilizing something with hand or stabilized into palm
  2. this uses extrinsic finger muscles
  3. cylindrical- drinking- thumb adducted (addp) and extrinsic muscles
  4. spherical (holding round object ie ball) - abduction at CMC => FDP, FDS
  5. hook/ snap (carry suit case)- FDP, FDS (thumb not used)
23
Q

precision handling (5)

A
  1. holding objects between tips or pads of fingers
  2. intrinsic finger muscles
  3. tip- most amt of DIP/PIP precision
  4. pad to side/ lateral using a key
  5. 2 (or 3) jaw chuck- holding a pen
24
Q

synergies of extensor digitorium and lumbricals (2 synergies)

A
  1. prevent MCP flexion when using long finger flexors

2. IP extension

25
Q

synergies of snuff box and hypothenar muscles

A

FCU and ECU coutneract radial deviation of extrinsic thumb muscles

26
Q

Synergies of wrist extensors and long finger flexors

A

Wrist extensors stabilize wrist during finger flexion

kinesiology (9 decks)

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