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kinesiology > shoulder muscles 1 > Flashcards

shoulder muscles 1 Flashcards

1
Q

group 1 shoulder muscles (6 muscles)

what do they connect?

A

trunk to shoulders

  1. serratus anterior
  2. trapezius (upper/middle/ lower)
  3. pectoralis minor
  4. levator scapula
  5. subclavius
  6. Rhomboids
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2
Q 
serratus anterior 
nerve and roots
 attachments
 2 movements
 test
A

LTN/ C5-C7

attachments: top 8-9 ribs => ant surface of scapula (costal surface)

movements:
1. abduction
2. upward rotation

to test: flex 135 deg push on arm or have them punch to palpate against ribs

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3
Q

trapezius
nerve & roots
upper - attachements and 2 movements and test
middle - attachments and 1 movement and test
lower - attachement and 3 movements

A

nerve/ roots: CN XI & ventral rami of C3-C4 spinal nerves

attachments:
Upper traps: occipital and cervical vertebrae -> lat 3rd clavicle and acromion
movements:
1. elevate
2. upward rotation
test: have patient bring shoulders to ears and try to push down

Middle: (t1-t5) -> superior lip of spine of scapula (relatively straight muscle)
movement
1. adduction
test: pinch shoulder blades back

Lower: (T6->T12) -> root of spine of scapula 
 movement
    1. depression
    2. upward rotation
    3. adductor
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4
Q 
rhomboids major/ minor 
 nerve/ roots
  attachments
  3 movements 
  test
A

nerve/ roots: dorsal scapular nerve/ C4-C5 (mostly C5)

attachments:
rhomboid minor: nuchal ligaments & spinous process of C7-T1 -> medial border spinous scapula

rhomboid major: T2-> T5 -> lower medial border scapula

movements:

  1. adductor
  2. downward rotation
  3. weak elevator
    test: have patient touch small of back and adduct
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5
Q

levator scapula
nerve/ roots
attachments
2 movements

A

nerve/ roots: ventral rami of spinal nerve 3 &4 & dorsal scapular nerve/ C4-C5

attachments: TP C1-C4 -> btwn spine of scapula and superior border

movements:

  1. elevator
  2. downward rotator - pulls from top- like tipping scapula forward => downward rotation of glenoid fossa
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6
Q

pec minor
nerve/ roots
attachments
3 movements

A

nerve/ roots: medial pectoral nerve/ C8-T1

ribs 3->5 (ant/lat surface) -> coracoid process

movements:

  1. elevates ribs
  2. depresses shoulder girdle
  3. downward rotation
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7
Q

Subclavius
nerve/ roots
attachements
movement (1)

A

nerve/ roots: nerve to subclavius (C5-C6)

attach lower surface of clavicle

movements:
depresses clavicle/ elevates 1st rib. mostly a stabilizing muscle

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8
Q

Group 2 shoulder muscles (7)

what do they attach?

A

Shoulder girdle -> humerus

  1. Coracobrachialis
  2. Supraspinatus*
  3. Deltoids
  4. Infraspinatus*
  5. Teres major
  6. Teres minor*
  7. Subscapularis*
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9
Q

Coracobrachialis
nerve/ roots
attachments
2 movements

A

nerve/ roots: median nerve: C5-C6

attachments:
coracoid process -> 1/2 way down medial border of humerus

movements:

  1. shoulder flexor
  2. Adductor
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10
Q

Supraspinatus
nerve/ roots
attachments
2 movements

A

nerve/ roots: suprascapular nerve/ C5-C6

attachment: Supraspinatus fossa -> (under acromial shelf) -> greater tuberosity; lies in scapular plane

movements:

  1. Primary aBductor
  2. Stabilizes GH joint and steers humeral head when elevated
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11
Q 
deltoids 
 nerve/ roots
 ant: 
  attachment
  2 movements
 middle: 
  attachement
  1 movements
 posterior:
   attachements
   3 movements
A

nerve/ roots: axillary. C5-C6

Ant: lat 1/3 of clavicle -> deltoid tuberosity

movements:
1. flexion
2. horizontal adduction
3. weak internal rotation

Middle- acromion -> deltoid tuberosity
movements:
1. abduction

Posterior- inferior lip of spine of scapula -> deltoid tuberosity

movements:
1. horizontal aB
2. extension
3. external rotator

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12
Q

infraspinatous
nerve/ roots
attachements
2 movements

A

nerve/ roots: suprascapular nerve/ C5-C6

attachments: infraspinatous fossa -> greater tuberosity
movements:
1. external rotator - important for abduction because otherwise greater tuberosity would get in the way
2. upward rotation

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13
Q

teres minor
nerve/ roots
attachments
2 movements

A

nerve/ roots: axillary nerve; C5-C6

attachments: upper (superior to teres major) 2/3 inferior angle of scapula -> greater tuberosity

movement:

  1. external rotator
  2. adductor
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14
Q

subscapularis
nerve/ roots
attachement
movement

A

nerve/ roots: upper & lower subscap nerve; C5-C6

attachements: subscapular fossa (in axilla) -> lesser tuberosity

movement:
1. internal rotator

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15
Q

teres major
nerve/ roots
attachement
3 movements

A

nerve/ roots: lower subscap; C5-C6

attachement: inferior 1/3 angle of scapula -) bicipital groove of lesser tuberosity

movement:

  1. internal rotator
  2. adductor
  3. extension
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16
Q

Group 3 shoulder muscles (2)

what do they attach

A

trunk to humerus (these work on trunk and GH)

  1. lattismus dorsi
  2. pectoralis major
17
Q

lats
nerve/ roots
attachement
4 movements

A

nerve/ roots: thoracodorsal (a.k.a. middle subscapularis) C6-C8

attachment: SP of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, inf angle of scapula, lower ribs -> intertubercle groove of humerus

movements:

  1. extensor
  2. internal rotator
  3. adductor
  4. depress/ down rotation of shoulder girdle
18
Q

pec major
nerve/ roots
attachments (both heads)
4 movements

A

nerve/ roots: lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C6/ clavicular head) & medial pectoral nerve (sternal head) C7-T1

  1. sternal head: medial 1/2 clavicle -> lateral to bicipital groove
  2. clavicular head: costal cartilage -> lateral to bicipital groove

movements of both heads:

  1. adductors (primary action)
  2. protraction*
  3. depressor* especially sternal head
  4. weak flexor @ - costal head
19
Q

synergies of rotator cuff and delts

A
  1. delts do elevation while rotator cuff stabilize humeral head pulling down => elevation
20
Q

synergy of upper and lower trap and serratus

A

upward rotation (raising hand)

21
Q

synergy of rhomboids and teres major

A

rhomboids contract for down rotation -> prevent upward rotation of scapula (by teres major) during adduction, ext and int rotation

22
Q

synergy of deltoids and upper traps

A

deltoids pull scapula down- upper traps prevent shoulder girdle from being pulled down (depression) and downward rotation

23
Q

syndergy of levator scap, rhomboids, and pec minor

A

downward rotation

24
Q

synergies of bicep and deltoids

A

deltoids prevent shoulder flexion (from bicep) during elbow flexion

25
Q

synergy of pronator teres and bicep w/ tricep

A

tricep stops elbow flexion during pronation/ supiniation

kinesiology (9 decks)

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