MMT Flashcards
1
Q
elbow extension (2 muscles)
A
- muscle: tricep and aconeous (palpate: tricep and aconeous)
- radial nerve (C7-T1)
- position: prone over edge of bed
- movement: horizontal adduction
- resist: bend elbow a little to stop lock mechanism
- GE: sitting- 90 deg
- substitutions: trunk flexion
2
Q
elbow flexion -3 muscles
A
1. muscles: bicep (front of arm) brachialis (side of bicep) brachioradialis- (supercondylar ridge) bracialis, brachioradialis 2. nerve: musculocutaneous nerve 3. position: sitting 4. movement: flexion 5.stabilize: forearm, resist, distal forearm 6. GE: 90 degrees 7. substitutions: trunk extension
3
Q
scapula elevation (1 muscle)
A
- muscles: upper traps
- CN11
- position: sit
- movement: shrug shoulders
- GE: supine
- substitutions: rhomboids or elbow extension
4
Q
scapula aBduction and upward rotation
A
- muscles: serratus ant (palpate inf angle scapula and axillary border upper 7th=8th ribs)
- nerve: long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
- position: sit
- movement: flex 135 deg upward rot like punching out
- GE: no GE, support weight of humerus
- sub: trunk rotation, any GH movement, elbow extension, upper traps
5
Q
scapula aDduction
A
- middle traps (superior lip of spine of scapula)
- CN 11 (C3-C4)
- prone
- movement: horizontal adduction (VC- pinch shoulder blades, pinch pencil in btwn shoulder blades)
- push into lat angle of scapula- if really fit, push on humerus
- GE: horizontal abduction sitting
- substitutions: trunk extension, horizontal abduction at glenohumeral (NOT scapula movement!)
6
Q
scapula aDduction and depression
A
- lower traps (root of medial spine -> T6-T12)
- CN11 (C3-C4)
- prone
- movement: arm 140 deg abducted, thumb up to ceiling and raise arm
- push root of spine
- GE: no GE, support weight of humerus
- substitutions: middle traps, trunk rotation
7
Q
scapula aDduction and downward rotation
A
- rhomboids (medial border of scapula)
- dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- prone
- movement: put arm in small of back and push hand out
- push scapula into abduction and upward rotation
- GE: sitting
- sub: trunk rotation or GH movement
8
Q
wrist flexion (2 muscles)
A
- wrist flexors - FCU, FCR
- median nerve/ ulnar nerve (C6-T1)
- position: sit , flexed elbow, arm in supination
- movement: flex wrist
- resist/break test: proximal to MCP joint
- GE: forearm neutral
- sub: FDP, FDS
9
Q
Glenohumeral Flexion (2 muscles)
A
- Anterior Deltiod, coracobrachialis
- Axillary Nerve (delt), musculocutaneous (coracobrachialis) C5-C7
- sitting position
- movement: flexion
- resist flexion starting at 90 degrees (distal end of humerus)
- GE: Side lying
- sub: strong external rotation, lots of scapula movement, trunk extension
10
Q
Glenohumeral aBduction (2 muscles)
A
- Middle Deltoid, Supraspinatus (middle delt, spine of scapula)
- Axillary Nerve (middle delt), Suprascapular nerve C5-C6
- sitting position, shoulder in full external rotation
- movement: aBduction
- stabilize scapula, clavicle, push on distal humerus at 90 degrees
- GE: supine
- sub: trunk lateral flexion, scapula movement
11
Q
forearm supination (2 muscles)
A
- bicep and supinator (palate- below radial head)
- bicep = musculocutaneous, supinator = radial nerve (C5-C7)
- position: sitting with arm against trunk
- movement: pronation => supinate
- resist/break test: pt starts in supination, hold onto radial styoid process and try to do pronation
- GE: flexed shoulder (royal wave)
- sub: shoulder AD, external rotation
12
Q
forearm pronation
A
- pronator teres (med condyle) and pronator quadratus (not palpable)
- median nerve (C6-C8)
- position: sitting with arm against trunk
- movement: supination => pronation
- resist/break test: pt starts in pronation, hold onto radial styloid head and try to do supination
- GE: flexed shoulder (royal wave)
- sub: shoulder aB, int rotation
13
Q
2-5 MCP extension
A
- extensor digitorium (tendons palpable at center of hand/forearm)
- radial nerve (C7-C8)
- position: pronated forearm/ wrist
- movement: extension at MCP
- resist: push into flexion
- GE: forearm neutral
- sub: wrist ext, wrist flex
14
Q
2-5 MCP aBduction (2 muscles)
A
- dorsal interossi (1st dorsal interossi palpable on radial side of 2nd MC), abductor digiti minimi
- ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
- position: pronated forearm/ wrist
- movement: aBduction at MCP
- resist: push into midline
- GE: forearm neutral
- sub: sub wrist ext (?)
15
Q
2-5 MCP aDduction
A
- palmar interossei (#1 ulnar, #2/3 radial side of finger)
- ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
- position: pronated forearm/wrist
- movement: aDduction at MCP
- resist: push into midline
- GE: forearm neutral
- sub: flexion