Wrist And Hand Flashcards
1
Q
arthokinematics of radiocarpal and midcarpal joints
A
convex on concave (opposite)
2
Q
limited motion in the ______ compartment of the midcarpal joint
A
lateral
3
Q
flexion of the wrist athrokinematics
A
palmar roll, dorsal slide
4
Q
athrokinematics of ulnar deviation
A
ulnar roll. radial slide
5
Q
ulnar tilt
A
25 degrees
6
Q
palmar tilt
A
10 degrees
7
Q
control length tension relationships in the hand. function of what
A
wrist
8
Q
maximum grip strength
A
20-35 degrees extension
9
Q
least grip strength
A
full flexion
10
Q
loss of stability in one or more segment ________ mechanical dysfunction
A
increases
11
Q
which is more important for ADL flex or ext.
radial or ulnar
A
ext, ulnar
12
Q
ext occurs with
A
radial deviation
13
Q
flexion occurs with
A
ulnar deviation
14
Q
proximal attachments on the forearm and distal attachments within the wrist
A
extrinsic wrist ligaments (more likely to tear, but good healing)
15
Q
reinforces posterior radiocarpal joint, guides arthrokinematics of proximal row
A
dorsal radiocarpal ligament
16
Q
prevents anterior dislocation of the unstable lunate
A
dorsal radiocarpal ligament
17
Q
stronger and thicker than dorsal RC lig. passive tension(even in neutral), maximally taut in full extension
A
palmar radiocarpal ligament
18
Q
ligament that provides little stability
A
radial collateral ligament
19
Q
binds the distal radius and ulna while allowing distal radius to rotate for pronation/supination
A
TFCC- triangular fibrocartilage complex
20
Q
primary stabilizer of distal radio-ulnar joint
reinforces ulnar side of wrist
forms concavity in radiocarpal joint
transfers forces from hand to forearm (20% of compressive forces)
A
TFCC -triangular fibrocartilage complex
21
Q
triangular fibrocartilage complex disc is _____ avascular
A
80%
22
Q
both proximal and distal attachments within the wrist
A
intrinsic wrist ligamanets
23
Q
stronger, lie within the synovial lining, but slow healing capacity because they are poorly vascularized
A
intrinsic wrist ligaments
24
Q
stabilize and unites the distal row
A
short ligaments
25
allow distal row to function as a single mechanical unit
short intrinsic ligaments
26
guides arthrokinematics (long ligament)
palmar intercarpal V ligament
27
intrinsic wrist lig that provides transverse stability
dorsal intercarpal ligament
28
Describe arthokinematics at the cmc joint of the thumb
abduction/add - convex concave (opposite)
| flex/ext - concave on convex (same)
29
opposition of thumb
start with abd then go into flex
30
MCP 2-5 have _____ dof
2
31
Thumb MCP has ______ dof
1 not very mobile, gives us longitudinal stability
32
Which two fingers have more mobility
the ring and pinky
33
What two joints make up the wrist?
radiocarpal and midcarpal
34
which two movements have further rom in the wrist
ulnar deviation and flexion
35
which row is very mobile and has no musc attachments
proximal row scaphoid lunate triquetrum
36
T or F pronation and supination occur at the wist
F distal radioulnar
37
radius is angled toward ulna 25 degrees
ulnar tilt
38
distal radius is angled toward palm 10 degrees
palmar tilt
39
which bone sits on top of the triquetrum
pisiform
40
which bone enhances pull of FCU by giving it a longer moment arm?
pisiform
41
which bone spans both rows of carpals
scaphoid
42
the radiocarpal joint is considered a ____ joint
condyloid
43
what is the primary stabilizer of distal r-u joint and transfers forces from hand to forearm
triangular fibrocartilage complex
44
what two compartments separate midcarpal jt. which is more mobile
medial and lateral; medial
45
what arthokinematics do the radiocarpal and medial comp of midcarpal follow?
convex on concave (opposite)
46
arthokin of ext of wrist
dorsal roll, palmar slide
47
arthokin of wrist flexion
palmar roll, dorsal slide
48
arthokin of uln deviation. radial?
ulnar roll, radial slide. opposite for radial
49
prox and mid phalanges have ___ bases and ____ heads
concave, convex
50
very little motion in CMC jt of ____
digits 2 and 3
51
what movements does the thumb do in the frontal plane? sagittal?
flex,ext; abd, add;
52
arthrokin of thumb
flex/ext - concave on convex same
| abd/add -convex on concave opp
53
what is the keystone for the proximal trans arch
capitate
54
what is the keystone for the distal transverse arch
MCP jt
55
what is the keystone for the longitudinal arch
2nd and 3rd MCP jts
56
Which transverse arch is more mobile
distal
57
what is the shape of the arches maintained by
intrinsic musc of the hand
58
what doe the passive structures of the hand do?
stabilize jts.
59
fibrocartilage plates located on the palmar surface of MCP PIP and DIP joints
volmer plates
60
function of volmer plates
reinforce ant. jt capsules,
prevent impingement of flexor tendons during flexion
prevent hyperextension
61
what happens when there is damage to the volmer plates
swan neck deformity
PIP hyper ext. (stretched out)
DID flex
62
what passive structure maintains efficient and smooth gliding of flexor tendons while maintaining their mechanical advantage?
flexor tendon pulley system
63
damage to flexor tendon pulley system?
bowstring phenomenon
| inflamed nodule of tendon gets stuck behind tendon sheath
64
function of extensor mechanism of the fingers
coordinate movement between PIP and DIP jts
65
which passive structure is split into dorsal and 2 lateral sections
extensor mechanism
66
where is the dorsal hood located
proximal end of the extensor mechanism @ MCP jts
67
transverse fibers of dorsal hood
run perpendicular to the ED tendon, attaching to the voler plate, creating a sling that assists ED w/ MCP ext.
68
oblique fibers of dorsal hood
contains musc fibers to lumbricale and interossei
runs distally to attach into lat band of ext. mechanism
helps the ext mechanism in the ext of PIP and DIP joints
69
damage to extensor mechanism
boutonniere deformity (opposite of swan neck)
70
boutonniere defromity
PIP in flexion
| DIP in hyperextension
71
subluxation of lateral bands of ED
damage to ext mechanism
| boutonniere deformity
72
max grip strength
20-35 degrees of ext
73
least grip strength
full flexion
74
what positions are most important for wrist activities
extension and ulnar deviation
75
extension is coupled with
radial deviation
76
flexion is coupled with
ulnar deviation
77
which wrist lig have better vascularity ( better healing)
extrinsic
78
which wrist lig are more likely to fail with injury
extrinsic
79
extrinsic lig that reinforces post. radiocarpal jt and guides arthrokinematics of proximal row
dorsal radiocarpal lig
80
prevents ant. dislocation of lunate
dorsal radiocarpal lig
81
which radiocarpal lig is stronger and thicker
palmar
82
lig maximally taut in full ext and has passive tension even in neutral
palmer radiocarpal lig (3 lig)
83
binds distal radius and ulna while allowing distal radius to rotate for pronation and supination
triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)
84
reinforces ulnar side of wrist and forms concavity in radiocarpal jt
TFCC
85
which wrist lig are stronger but less vascularated
intrinsic
86
rely on synovial fluid for nutrition
intrinsic wrist lig
87
connect bones of distal row so it can function as a single mechanical unit
short ligs (intrinsic)
88
how many intermediate intrinsic lig
3
89
palmar intercarpal V ligament guides arthrokinematics
long ligs (2)
90
what does the lat long lig connect
palmar capitate to scaphoid
91
what does the med long lig connect
palmar capitate to triquetrium
92
intrinsic lig that provides transverse stability
dorsal intercarpal lig
93
connects trapezium, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrium (all proximal)
dorsal intercarpal lig
94
creates the carpal tunnel with the carpal bones
transvers carpal lig (palmar side of wrist duh...)
95
passageway for median n. and 9 extrinsic flexor muscles of digits
carpal tunnel (transverse carpal lig)
96
what keeps tendons from bowstringing
carpal tunnel
97
opposition is combined
abd and flex of thumb
98
abd/add of thumb
convex on concave opp
99
flex/ext of thumb
concave on convex same
100
arthrokin for flex/ext of thumb
medially slide and roll for flex
| lateral slide and roll for ext
101
arthrokin for abd/add of thumb
palmar roll/dorsal slide for abd
| dorsal roll/palmar slide for add
102
arthokin for opposition of thumb
phase one - abd
| phase two -flex and med rot of metacarpal
103
MCP 2-5 have ____ DOF
2
104
less abd/add of MCP 2-5 in full ____
flexion
105
T or F MCP of digits 2-5 is not very mobile
F very mobile
106
passive tension in dorsal capsule stabilizes jt for grasping
MCP 2-5
107
Thumb MCP has ____ DOF
1
108
Thumb MCP allows for what movement
flex/ext only
109
injury to thumb MCP
skiers thumb - ucl tears at 45 degrees of abd/30 degrees of flex
110
what do the lumb do
flex digits at MCP and ext IP jts
111
dorsal interossei action
abd dig and assist lumb
112
palmar interossei action
add dig and assist lumb
113
extrinsic plus position
MCP ext
| PIP DIP flex
114
simultaneus contraction of ext fing musc. ED, FDS, FDP
extrinsic plus postion
115
simultaneous contraction of intrinsic musc (lumbricals and interossei)
intrinsic plus position
116
intrinsic plus position
MCP flex
| PIP DIP ext
117
5 types of prehension
```
power grip
precision grip
power (key) pinch
precision pinch
hook grip
```
118
stable large force, low precision
power grip
119
control and alter distal transverse arch to fit objects
precision grip
120
thumb and lat side of index. large force needed. (adductor pollicis and 1st dorsal interossei)
power (key) pinch
121
thumb and index. fine control
precision pinch
122
prehension that does not involve thumb and force is primarily from FDP
Hook grip
123
most common carpal dislocation
lunate
124
most common carpal fracture
scaphoid
