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DPT Biomechanics II > Wrist And Hand > Flashcards

Wrist And Hand Flashcards

1
Q

arthokinematics of radiocarpal and midcarpal joints

A

convex on concave (opposite)

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2
Q

limited motion in the ______ compartment of the midcarpal joint

A

lateral

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3
Q

flexion of the wrist athrokinematics

A

palmar roll, dorsal slide

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4
Q

athrokinematics of ulnar deviation

A

ulnar roll. radial slide

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5
Q

ulnar tilt

A

25 degrees

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6
Q

palmar tilt

A

10 degrees

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7
Q 
control length tension relationships in the hand. 
function of what
A

wrist

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8
Q

maximum grip strength

A

20-35 degrees extension

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9
Q

least grip strength

A

full flexion

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10
Q

loss of stability in one or more segment ________ mechanical dysfunction

A

increases

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11
Q

which is more important for ADL flex or ext.

radial or ulnar

A

ext, ulnar

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12
Q

ext occurs with

A

radial deviation

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13
Q

flexion occurs with

A

ulnar deviation

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14
Q

proximal attachments on the forearm and distal attachments within the wrist

A

extrinsic wrist ligaments (more likely to tear, but good healing)

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15
Q

reinforces posterior radiocarpal joint, guides arthrokinematics of proximal row

A

dorsal radiocarpal ligament

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16
Q

prevents anterior dislocation of the unstable lunate

A

dorsal radiocarpal ligament

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17
Q

stronger and thicker than dorsal RC lig. passive tension(even in neutral), maximally taut in full extension

A

palmar radiocarpal ligament

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18
Q

ligament that provides little stability

A

radial collateral ligament

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19
Q

binds the distal radius and ulna while allowing distal radius to rotate for pronation/supination

A

TFCC- triangular fibrocartilage complex

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20
Q

primary stabilizer of distal radio-ulnar joint
reinforces ulnar side of wrist
forms concavity in radiocarpal joint
transfers forces from hand to forearm (20% of compressive forces)

A

TFCC -triangular fibrocartilage complex

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21
Q

triangular fibrocartilage complex disc is _____ avascular

A

80%

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22
Q

both proximal and distal attachments within the wrist

A

intrinsic wrist ligamanets

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23
Q

stronger, lie within the synovial lining, but slow healing capacity because they are poorly vascularized

A

intrinsic wrist ligaments

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24
Q

stabilize and unites the distal row

A

short ligaments

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25
Q

allow distal row to function as a single mechanical unit

A

short intrinsic ligaments

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26
Q

guides arthrokinematics (long ligament)

A

palmar intercarpal V ligament

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27
Q

intrinsic wrist lig that provides transverse stability

A

dorsal intercarpal ligament

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28
Q

Describe arthokinematics at the cmc joint of the thumb

A

abduction/add - convex concave (opposite)

flex/ext - concave on convex (same)

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29
Q

opposition of thumb

A

start with abd then go into flex

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30
Q

MCP 2-5 have _____ dof

A

2

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31
Q

Thumb MCP has ______ dof

A

1 not very mobile, gives us longitudinal stability

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32
Q

Which two fingers have more mobility

A

the ring and pinky

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33
Q

What two joints make up the wrist?

A

radiocarpal and midcarpal

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34
Q

which two movements have further rom in the wrist

A

ulnar deviation and flexion

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35
Q

which row is very mobile and has no musc attachments

A

proximal row scaphoid lunate triquetrum

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36
Q

T or F pronation and supination occur at the wist

A

F distal radioulnar

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37
Q

radius is angled toward ulna 25 degrees

A

ulnar tilt

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38
Q

distal radius is angled toward palm 10 degrees

A

palmar tilt

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39
Q

which bone sits on top of the triquetrum

A

pisiform

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40
Q

which bone enhances pull of FCU by giving it a longer moment arm?

A

pisiform

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41
Q

which bone spans both rows of carpals

A

scaphoid

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42
Q

the radiocarpal joint is considered a ____ joint

A

condyloid

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43
Q

what is the primary stabilizer of distal r-u joint and transfers forces from hand to forearm

A

triangular fibrocartilage complex

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44
Q

what two compartments separate midcarpal jt. which is more mobile

A

medial and lateral; medial

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45
Q

what arthokinematics do the radiocarpal and medial comp of midcarpal follow?

A

convex on concave (opposite)

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46
Q

arthokin of ext of wrist

A

dorsal roll, palmar slide

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47
Q

arthokin of wrist flexion

A

palmar roll, dorsal slide

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48
Q

arthokin of uln deviation. radial?

A

ulnar roll, radial slide. opposite for radial

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49
Q

prox and mid phalanges have ___ bases and ____ heads

A

concave, convex

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50
Q

very little motion in CMC jt of ____

A

digits 2 and 3

51
Q

what movements does the thumb do in the frontal plane? sagittal?

A

flex,ext; abd, add;

52
Q

arthrokin of thumb

A

flex/ext - concave on convex same

abd/add -convex on concave opp

53
Q

what is the keystone for the proximal trans arch

A

capitate

54
Q

what is the keystone for the distal transverse arch

A

MCP jt

55
Q

what is the keystone for the longitudinal arch

A

2nd and 3rd MCP jts

56
Q

Which transverse arch is more mobile

A

distal

57
Q

what is the shape of the arches maintained by

A

intrinsic musc of the hand

58
Q

what doe the passive structures of the hand do?

A

stabilize jts.

59
Q

fibrocartilage plates located on the palmar surface of MCP PIP and DIP joints

A

volmer plates

60
Q

function of volmer plates

A

reinforce ant. jt capsules,
prevent impingement of flexor tendons during flexion
prevent hyperextension

61
Q

what happens when there is damage to the volmer plates

A

swan neck deformity
PIP hyper ext. (stretched out)
DID flex

62
Q

what passive structure maintains efficient and smooth gliding of flexor tendons while maintaining their mechanical advantage?

A

flexor tendon pulley system

63
Q

damage to flexor tendon pulley system?

A

bowstring phenomenon

inflamed nodule of tendon gets stuck behind tendon sheath

64
Q

function of extensor mechanism of the fingers

A

coordinate movement between PIP and DIP jts

65
Q

which passive structure is split into dorsal and 2 lateral sections

A

extensor mechanism

66
Q

where is the dorsal hood located

A

proximal end of the extensor mechanism @ MCP jts

67
Q

transverse fibers of dorsal hood

A

run perpendicular to the ED tendon, attaching to the voler plate, creating a sling that assists ED w/ MCP ext.

68
Q

oblique fibers of dorsal hood

A

contains musc fibers to lumbricale and interossei
runs distally to attach into lat band of ext. mechanism
helps the ext mechanism in the ext of PIP and DIP joints

69
Q

damage to extensor mechanism

A

boutonniere deformity (opposite of swan neck)

70
Q

boutonniere defromity

A

PIP in flexion

DIP in hyperextension

71
Q

subluxation of lateral bands of ED

A

damage to ext mechanism

boutonniere deformity

72
Q

max grip strength

A

20-35 degrees of ext

73
Q

least grip strength

A

full flexion

74
Q

what positions are most important for wrist activities

A

extension and ulnar deviation

75
Q

extension is coupled with

A

radial deviation

76
Q

flexion is coupled with

A

ulnar deviation

77
Q

which wrist lig have better vascularity ( better healing)

A

extrinsic

78
Q

which wrist lig are more likely to fail with injury

A

extrinsic

79
Q

extrinsic lig that reinforces post. radiocarpal jt and guides arthrokinematics of proximal row

A

dorsal radiocarpal lig

80
Q

prevents ant. dislocation of lunate

A

dorsal radiocarpal lig

81
Q

which radiocarpal lig is stronger and thicker

A

palmar

82
Q

lig maximally taut in full ext and has passive tension even in neutral

A

palmer radiocarpal lig (3 lig)

83
Q

binds distal radius and ulna while allowing distal radius to rotate for pronation and supination

A

triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

84
Q

reinforces ulnar side of wrist and forms concavity in radiocarpal jt

A

TFCC

85
Q

which wrist lig are stronger but less vascularated

A

intrinsic

86
Q

rely on synovial fluid for nutrition

A

intrinsic wrist lig

87
Q

connect bones of distal row so it can function as a single mechanical unit

A

short ligs (intrinsic)

88
Q

how many intermediate intrinsic lig

A

3

89
Q

palmar intercarpal V ligament guides arthrokinematics

A

long ligs (2)

90
Q

what does the lat long lig connect

A

palmar capitate to scaphoid

91
Q

what does the med long lig connect

A

palmar capitate to triquetrium

92
Q

intrinsic lig that provides transverse stability

A

dorsal intercarpal lig

93
Q

connects trapezium, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrium (all proximal)

A

dorsal intercarpal lig

94
Q

creates the carpal tunnel with the carpal bones

A

transvers carpal lig (palmar side of wrist duh…)

95
Q

passageway for median n. and 9 extrinsic flexor muscles of digits

A

carpal tunnel (transverse carpal lig)

96
Q

what keeps tendons from bowstringing

A

carpal tunnel

97
Q

opposition is combined

A

abd and flex of thumb

98
Q

abd/add of thumb

A

convex on concave opp

99
Q

flex/ext of thumb

A

concave on convex same

100
Q

arthrokin for flex/ext of thumb

A

medially slide and roll for flex

lateral slide and roll for ext

101
Q

arthrokin for abd/add of thumb

A

palmar roll/dorsal slide for abd

dorsal roll/palmar slide for add

102
Q

arthokin for opposition of thumb

A

phase one - abd

phase two -flex and med rot of metacarpal

103
Q

MCP 2-5 have ____ DOF

A

2

104
Q

less abd/add of MCP 2-5 in full ____

A

flexion

105
Q

T or F MCP of digits 2-5 is not very mobile

A

F very mobile

106
Q

passive tension in dorsal capsule stabilizes jt for grasping

A

MCP 2-5

107
Q

Thumb MCP has ____ DOF

A

1

108
Q

Thumb MCP allows for what movement

A

flex/ext only

109
Q

injury to thumb MCP

A

skiers thumb - ucl tears at 45 degrees of abd/30 degrees of flex

110
Q

what do the lumb do

A

flex digits at MCP and ext IP jts

111
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

abd dig and assist lumb

112
Q

palmar interossei action

A

add dig and assist lumb

113
Q

extrinsic plus position

A

MCP ext

PIP DIP flex

114
Q

simultaneus contraction of ext fing musc. ED, FDS, FDP

A

extrinsic plus postion

115
Q

simultaneous contraction of intrinsic musc (lumbricals and interossei)

A

intrinsic plus position

116
Q

intrinsic plus position

A

MCP flex

PIP DIP ext

117
Q

5 types of prehension

A 
power grip
precision grip
power (key) pinch
precision pinch
hook grip
118
Q

stable large force, low precision

A

power grip

119
Q

control and alter distal transverse arch to fit objects

A

precision grip

120
Q

thumb and lat side of index. large force needed. (adductor pollicis and 1st dorsal interossei)

A

power (key) pinch

121
Q

thumb and index. fine control

A

precision pinch

122
Q

prehension that does not involve thumb and force is primarily from FDP

A

Hook grip

123
Q

most common carpal dislocation

A

lunate

124
Q

most common carpal fracture

A

scaphoid

DPT Biomechanics II (7 decks)

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