Knee

Question 1

function of swing phase

Answer 1

knee flexes to shorten lower extemity and helps to clear the foot

Question 2

function in stance phase

Answer 2

knee in slight flexion for shock absorption, conservation of energy and transmission of forces through LE

Question 3

Why does the knee rarely function independently

Answer 3

2/3 of the muscles that cross the knee also cross either the hip or the ankle

Question 4

knock knees

Answer 4

genu valus
coxa vara
compression on lateral side

Question 5

bow legs

Answer 5

genu varum, coxa valgum, compression on medial side

Question 6

back knees , hyperextension

Answer 6

genu recurvatum

Question 7

femur on tib

Answer 7

convex on concave- opposite -closed chain

Question 8

tib on femur

Answer 8

concave on convex- same - open chain

Question 9

function of meniscus

Answer 9

reduce compressive stress, provide stability, aid in lubrication, provide proprioception

Question 10

motion of meniscus

Answer 10

glide ant with ext

glide post with flex

Question 11

where is the blood supply of meniscus greatest

Answer 11

peripherally

Question 12

compression forces on knee walking, ascending stairs?

Answer 12

3x, 4x

Question 13

meniscus ______ the area of joint contact

Answer 13

triples

Question 14

_________ increases peak contact pressure at knee by 230% and increase risk of arthritis

Answer 14

a complete lateral meniscectomy

Question 15

damage to the medial side of meniscus can be bad why

Answer 15

MCL attaches there

Question 16

arthrokinematics of closed chain

Answer 16

fib on tib - convex on concave - opposite

ext- ant. fib roll, post. fib slide

Question 17

arthrokinematics of open chain in knee

Answer 17

tib on fib - concave on convex - same

ext- ant slide, ant roll

Question 18

what is the screw home mechanism

Answer 18

w/ open chain, tib rolls ant, slides ant during ext and tib externally rotates 10 degrees

Question 19

What is the screw home mechanism driven by? 3 things

Answer 19

shape of medial femoral condyle- it extends further ant. so tib follows lateral curved path into ext
tension in ACL
lateral pull of quad
NOTE popliteus unlocks

Question 20

Ligament restraint in flexion

Answer 20

PCL

Question 21

Ligament restraint in extension

Answer 21

ACL

Question 22

Ligament restraint in axial rot

Answer 22

MCL LCL PCL ACL

Question 23

ligament restraint in valgus

Answer 23

MCL primarily, ACL and PCL

Question 24

ligament strain in varus

Answer 24

LCL primarily ACL and PCL

Question 25

ACL injury without contact

Answer 25

valgus force; axial rotation: twisting medially with planted foot

Question 26

Excess anterior tibial slid is a sign of

Answer 26

acl tear

Question 27

patella glides ______ with flexion

Answer 27

inferiorly

Question 28

patella glides ____ with extension

Answer 28

superiorly

Question 29

function of patella

Answer 29

increase mechanical leverage of quad

distributes compressive forces

Question 30

contact points of patella to femur as you move knee into flexion

Answer 30

20 - inferior patella
45 medial patella
90 superior patella

Question 31

contact of patella and femur increases with knee flexion

max?

Answer 31

60-90 degrees

Question 32

Where is the patellar bodies thickest hyaline cartilage

Answer 32

30-70 degrees of flexion

Question 33

To avoid pain in squat, what knee angle degree will you perform a squat in?

Answer 33

0-45 degrees

Question 34

What type of joint is the knee

Answer 34

condyloid 2 degrees of freedom