Wrist and Hand

Question 1

Wrist is a synovial joint between:

Answer 1

The distal end of the radius
The carpal bones
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetum

Question 2

The pronation and the supination of the forearm results from …

Answer 2

The rotation of the radio over the ulna

Question 3

Wrist Joint ligaments

Answer 3

Palmar radiocarpal ligaments
Dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
Ulnar Collateral ligament
Radial Collateral ligament

Question 4

Palmar radiocarpal ligaments

Answer 4

Pass from the radius to the rows of carpals
They are arranged so that the hand follows the radius during supination of the forearm

Composed of a radiocapitate part and radioscapholunate part

Question 5

Dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

Answer 5

They are arranged so that the hand follows the radius during pronation of the forearm

Question 6

Ulnar Collateral ligament

Answer 6

Strength the joint capsule medially
Attached to the ulnar styloid process triquetum

Question 7

Radial Collateral ligament

Answer 7

Strength the joint capsule laterally
Attached to the radial styloid process scaphoid

Question 8

The hand is composed by:

Answer 8

8 carpal bones line in two rows
5 metacarpal bones
14 phalanges

Question 9

Proximal line of carpal bones

Answer 9

Pisiform Triquetum Lunate Scaphoid

Question 10

Distal line of carpal bones

Answer 10

Hamate Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium

Question 11

Scaphoid

Answer 11

Articulates directly with the distal end of the radius

Question 12

Lunate

Answer 12

It has a semilunar shape and articulates directly with the radius

Question 13

Triquetum

Answer 13

Articulates with the distal part of the radio-ulnar joint

Question 14

Pisiform

Answer 14

Is found in the palmar surface of the triquetum

Question 15

Trapezium

Answer 15

It has 4 sides, articula con el metacarpo del prime digito

Question 16

Trapezoid

Answer 16

It has a wedge shape

Question 17

Capitate

Answer 17

It has a round shape

Question 18

Hamate

Answer 18

It has a bone process described as the hook of the hamate

Question 19

Metacarpals

Answer 19

Are numbered from I-V
Its proximal end is also known as the base of the bone and have a concave shape to articulate with the carpal bones
Its distal end is also known as the head and have a convex shoe to articulate with phalanges

Question 20

Phalanges

Answer 20

Every digit has 3 phalanges with the exception of the thumb

Question 21

Parts of the phalanges

Answer 21

Base (proximal)
Body
Head (distal)

Question 22

Carpometacarpal joint

Answer 22

Saddle (Biaxial)

Question 23

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 23

Condyloid (Biaxial)

Question 24

Every phalange has the joints… Except the thumb

Answer 24

Metacarpophalangeal joint
Proximal interphalangeal joint
Distal interphalangeal joint

Question 25

The thumb contains the joints...

Answer 25

Metacarpophalangeal joint Proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 26

Clinical correlation: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 26

Clasified as and autoimmune disease , characterized that produced chronic inflammation at the joints

Question 27

Retinaculum ligament is composed of:

Answer 27

Flexor retinaculum Extensor retinaculum

Question 28

Flexor retinaculum (Transverse carpal ligament)

Answer 28

Is found distal to the radio-carpal joint and o palmar aspect of the hand It forms the carpal tunnel

Question 29

Extensor retinaculum

Answer 29

Cross the wrist joint and the radio-ulnar joint Its found in the dorsal aspect of the hand

Question 30

Carpal tunnel

Answer 30

It is a canal that is found on the wrist Anteriorly is formed by flexor retinaculum Posteriorly is form by the carpal bones

Question 31

Across the carpal tunnel the following structures are seen

Answer 31

The tendon of the flexor pollicis longus Tendons of the flexor digitorum superficial and profundus Median nerve

Question 32

Clinical correlation: Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 32

A lesion that significantly reduces the size of the carpal tunnel or, more commonly, increases the size of some of the nine structures or their coverings that pass through it (Inflammation of synovial sheaths). – Pressure to the median nerve is the cause of the following symptoms: * Paresthesia (tingling), hypoesthesia (diminished sensation), or anesthesia (absence of sensation) may occur in the lateral three-and-a-half digits. * Sensation in the central palm remains unaffected *: The median nerve also has terminal motor branches: the recurrent branch, which serves the three thenar muscles, and branches to lumbricals 1 and 2

Question 33

Movements of the wrist Flexors of the wrist

Answer 33

Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus

Question 34

Movements of the wrist Extensors of the wrist

Answer 34

Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 35

Muscles of the hand subdivides in

Answer 35

Thenar Region Hypothenar Region Lumbricals Dorsal interossei Palmar interossei

Question 36

Thenar Region

Answer 36

Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Adductor pollicis

Question 37

Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 38

Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 39

Opponens pollicis

Question 40

Adductor pollicis

Question 41

Hypothenar Region

Answer 41

Palmaris brevis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi

Question 42

Lumbricals 1st and 2nd

Answer 42

Innervated by Median Nerve Function: Flex metacarpophalangeal joint: extend interpalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

Question 43

Lumbricals 3rd and 4th

Answer 43

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve Function: Flex metacarpophalangeal joint: extend interpalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

Question 44

Dorsal interossei 1st-4th

Answer 44

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve Function: Abduct 2nd-4th digits from the axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

Question 45

Palmar interossei 1st-3rd

Answer 45

Innervated by Deep branch of ulnar nerve Function: Adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th digits from the axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joint