Wounds

Question 1

Open wound

Answer 1

occurs from intentional/un-intentional wounds
skin surface broken=portal of entry for microorganisms
bleeding, tissue damage, increased risk for infection, delayed healing

Question 2

Intentional wound

Answer 2

the result of a planned invasive therapy/treatment

• wound edges clean
• bleeding controlled
• wound made in sterile environment=decreased risk of infection

Question 3

unintentional wounds

Answer 3

occur from unexpected trauma (accidental) ex. stabbing/gunshot

• occur in UNSTERILE environment, contamination likely
• increased risk for infection
• increased healing time

Question 4

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

Answer 4

intact skin
area of persisent redness on light skin
are of persistent red, blue or purple hue on darker skin
does not blanch

Question 5

stage 2 pressure ulcer

Answer 5

partial-thickness skin loss of epidermis/dermis

superficial; abrasion, blister, shallow center

Question 6

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

Answer 6

full thickness skin loss
damage or necrosis of subq tissue
deep crate with or without undermining

Question 7

Stage 4 Pressure ulcer

Answer 7

full thickness skin loss
extensive destruction, tissue necrosis
damage to bone muscle, tendons, joints, sinus tracts is possible

Question 8

unstageable pressure ulcer

Answer 8

can’t see wound base

Question 9

incision

Answer 9

cuting or sharp instrument; wound edges in close approximation and aligned

Question 10

contusion

Answer 10

blunt instrument, overlying skin remains intact but tissue underneath has been damaged

Question 11

abrasion

Answer 11

friction; rubbing or scraping epidermal layers of skin; top layer of skin abraded

Question 12

laceration

Answer 12

tearing of skin and tissue with blunt or irregular instrument; tissue not aligned, often with loose flaps of skin and tissue

Question 13

puncture

Answer 13

blunt or sharp instrument puncturing the skin; intentional or accidental

Question 14

penetrating

Answer 14

foreign object entering the skin or mucous membrane and lodging in underlying tissue; fragments possibly scattering throughout tissues.

Question 15

avulsion

Answer 15

tearing a structure from normal anatomic position; possible damage to blood vessels, nerves and other structures

Question 16

chemical

Answer 16

toxic agents such as drugs, acids, alcohols, metals, and substances released from cellular necrosis

Question 17

thermal

Answer 17

high or low temperatures; cellular necrosis as a possible result

Question 18

Irradiation

Answer 18

Ultraviolet light or radiation exposure

Question 19

Pressure ulcers

Answer 19

compromised circulation secondary to pressure or pressure combined with friction

Question 20

venous ulcers

Answer 20

injury and poor venous return, resulting from underlying conditions, such as imcompetent valves or obstruction

Question 21

arterial ulcers

Answer 21

injury and underlying ischeia, resulting from underlying conditions, such as atherosclerosis or thrombosis

Question 22

diabetic ulcers

Answer 22

injury and underlying diabetic neuropahy, peripheral arterial disease, diabetic foot structure.

Question 23

primary intention

Answer 23

well approximated wounds whose skin edges are tightly together.

Question 24

secondary intention

Answer 24

wounds healing with edges that are not well approximated. Take longer to heal and form more scar tissue

Question 25

if a wound that is healing by primary intention becomes infected how will it heal?

Answer 25

secondary intention

Question 26

tertiary intention

Answer 26

wounds that are left open for several days to allow edema or infection to resolve or fluid to drain and then are closed.

Question 27

serous drainage

Answer 27

composed primarily of the clear, serous portion of the blood and from serous membranes. Clear and watery.

Question 28

sanguineous drainage

Answer 28

consists of large numbers of red blood cells and looks like blood.

Question 29

serosanguineous drainage

Answer 29

a mixture of serum and red blood cells. it is light pink to blood tinged.

Question 30

purulent drainage

Answer 30

made up of white blood cells, liquefied dead tissue debris, and both dead and live bacteria. Thick and often has a musty smell and varies in color.

Question 31

Penrose drain

Answer 31

provides a sinus tract

Question 32

t-tube

Answer 32

for bile drainage

Question 33

jackson-pratt

Answer 33

decreased dead space by collecting drainage

Question 34

hemovac

Answer 34

decreases dead space by collecting drainage

Question 35

gauze, iodoform gauze, NU Gauze

Answer 35

allow healing from base of wound.