Wound Healing

Question 1

Stages of Wound Healing

Answer 1

1. Hemostasis
2. Inflammation
3. Re-epithelialization
4. Granulation tissue
5. Remodeling

Question 2

Stoppage of bleeding; involves vasoconstriction and clotting (coagulation)

Answer 2

Hemostasis

Question 3

Clot Components

Answer 3

• Platelets (cell fragments made by megakaryocites)

- Fibrin (rxn cascade, vitamin k pathway)

Question 4

Too much hemostasis

Answer 4

Thrombosis, heart attack/stroke

Question 5

Too little hemostasis

Answer 5

Bleeding disorders (hemophilia)

Question 6

Collagen-von Willebrand Factor (vWF) bind to platelet receptor

Answer 6

Platelet activation -> platelet plug (first step)

Question 7

Fibrin clot formation activation

Answer 7

Conversion from inactive to active by proteolytic cleavage

Question 8

What converts fibrinogen to fibrin?

Answer 8

Thrombin

Question 9

What can affect factors VIII and IX?

Answer 9

Hemophilia

Question 10

Cleavage of fibrin that can lead to dissolution (removal) of clot.

Carried out in enzyme plasmin

TPA usage to treat clotting

Answer 10

Fibrinolysis

Question 11

What initiates inflammation after wounding?

Answer 11

• Foreign microorganism presence
• Signals from cell damage
• Cytokines and platelet granule factors

Question 12

WBC enter tissues how and what order?

Answer 12

Extravasation

1. Neutrophils (first responder)
2. Monocytes/Macrophage (organize/regulate)
3. Lymphocytes (adaptive response)

Question 13

Inflammatory (pro and anti) cells

Answer 13

Cytokines and Chemokines

Question 14

Granulation tissue healing cell that synthesizes ECM (connective tissue)

Answer 14

Fibroblasts

Question 15

Differentiated cells from fibroblasts that resemble smooth muscle cells and aid contraction (reduce wound size)

Answer 15

Myofibroblasts

Question 16

What cell and factor stimulates Angiogenesis (vessel formation)?

Answer 16

Endothelial cell

VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor)

Question 17

Techniques to guide wound healing

Answer 17

Membranes
Substrates
Growth Factors
Stem Cells

Question 18

Binding/adhesion cells for reepithelialization

Answer 18

Integrins

Question 19

Woven bone -> ______ bone

Answer 19

Lamellar

Question 20

Warfarin

Answer 20

Anti-coagulation drug

Question 21

EDTA

Answer 21

Anticoagulant

Question 22

Heparin

Answer 22

Anticoagulant

Question 23

Plavix

Answer 23

Anticoagulant

Question 24

Aspirin

Answer 24

Anticoagulant

Question 25

Stages of bone healing

Answer 25

1. Recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (-> osteoblasts)
2. Bone deposition
3. Vascularization
4. Remodeling (Woven Bone -> Lamellar Bone)