wound healing Flashcards
three types of wound healing
primary, secondary, tertiary
type of wound healing
- edges of the wound are approximated
- wound is uncomplicated and clean
- little tissue loss
primary
type of wound healing
-edges are not approximated for first 3 to 5 days then are drawn together
tertiary
type of wound healing
- edges of the wound are not approximated
- high risk for scarring, infection
- wound is large, gaping, irregular
secondary
what are the phases of wound healing?
inflammation (3-5 days)
proliferation (3-21 days)
maturation/remodelling (21 days to 2 yrs)
tissue that is being formed, translucent red colour, fragile and bleeds easily
granulation tissue
- hypertrophic scar
- abnormal amount of collagen
keloid
material, such as fluid and cells, that has escaped from blood vessels during the inflammatory process
-deposited in tissue or on tissue surfaces
exudate
what are the three major types of exudate?
serous
purulent
sanguinous
exudate that contains mainly of serum (clear portion of blood)
serous exudate
- thick exudate
- presence of pus
purulent exudate
consists of leukocytes, liquified dead tissue debris and dead and living bacteria
pus
process of pus formation
suppuration
- exudate consists of large amounts of red blood cells
- indicates damage to capillaries that is severe enough to allow the escape of RBC from plasma
sanguinous exudate
exudate consisting of clear and blood tinged drainage
serosanguinous exudate
what are some complications of wound healing?
hemorrhage, infection, dehiscence (with possible evisceration)
necrotic tissue
eschar
stage of pressure ulcer:
-nonblanchable erythema
stage 1
stage of pressure ulcer:
-partial thickness skin loss (abrasion, blister, shallow crater) involving the epidermis and possibly the dermis
stage 2
stage of pressure ulcer:
-full thickness skin loss involving damage to the or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down but not through the underlying fascia
stage 3
stage of pressure ulcer:
-full thickness skin loss with tissue necrosis or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting structures
stage 4
why are tertiary wounds left open for 3-5 days?
allows edema and infection to resolve, allows wound to drain
what are the two major processes that occur during inflammation?
hemostasis & phagocytosis
- cell-mediated or delayed hypersensitivity to a wide variety of allergens
- first exposure is sensitizing (no manifestations occur until subsequent exposures)
allergic contact dermititis
- an inflammation of the skin that occurs in response to the direct contact of an allergen or irritant
- not a hypersensitivity response
contact dermititis
what are the two types of contact dermititis?
allergic contact dermititis and irritant contact dermititis
how is allergic dermititis characterized?
- erythema, edema, pruritus, vesicles, bullae that rupture, ooze and crust
- rash is usually limited to the area of contact
- develop several hours to 3 days after contact
- takes 2-4 weeks to resolve
