Wound Healing Flashcards
Wound – Injury that ____ the skin or other body ____
breaks, tissues
◦ Surgical Wound – A ____ or ____ that is made during surgery
◦ _____ made
◦ Should cause ____ tissue damage
cut, incision, Purposefully, minimal
◦ Traumatic Wound – _____ or ______ injury
◦ Many wounds seen in ___/___ are traumatic wound [ie: ?]
Sudden, unplanned, ER/GP, bites, burns, lacerations
◦ Wound Healing – Biologic process that replaced ______ and missing _____
structures and tissue ____
◦ _____ tissue after injury
devitalized, cellular, layers, Restores
◦ Open [Penetrating] Wound
◦ _____ skin and _____ tissue
◦ _____ wounds
◦ _____ wounds or incisions
◦ _____ wounds
Broken, exposed, Puncture, Surgical, Thermal
◦ Closed [Non-Penetrating] Wound
◦ Damage to tissue ____ intact skin
◦ Usually secondary to ____ trauma
◦ Injured tissue is not ____, but there can be _____ +/- ____ to the underlying
muscle/internal organs/bones
◦ _______
◦ ________
under, blunt, exposed, bleeding, damage, Contusions, Hematomas
◦ Abrasion
◦ Skin rubs or scrapes against a ____ or ______ surface [loss of ______ and maybe portion of the _____]
◦ Usually, no significant ______
◦ _____ and _____ wound to avoid infection
rough, hard, epidermis, dermis, bleeding, Scrub, clean
◦ Laceration
◦ Cut or tear in skin that can vary in ___ and ____
◦ If the laceration is deep – bleeding can be _____ and ____
severity, depth, rapid, extensive
Puncture
◦ Small ___ or wound caused by a ____, _____ object
◦ Examples – (4)
◦ _____ skin damage, but _____ tissue damage may be severe
◦ May not bleed much, but can be deep enough to damage ______ organ(s)
◦ Results in a ____ risk of subsequent infection by contamination introduced at ____ of puncture
hole, long, sharp, Nail, needle, teeth, knife, Minimal, underlying, internal, higher, time
◦ Avulsion
◦ ____ or _____ tearing away of skin and tissue beneath
◦ Traumatic injury where ___ or ____ pieces of tissue are torn and ______ from the body
◦ Examples?
◦ Bleed ____ and _____
Partial, complete, one, more, detached, Crushing accidents, explosion, gunshots, head on collision, heavily, rapidly
Contusion
◦ ____ force trauma that does ___ break skin, but causes _____ to the skin and _____ tissue
◦ Blood ____ from vessels within the skin or from _____ tissues
◦ Type of _____
Blunt, not, damage, underlying, leaks, deeper, hematoma
◦ Hematoma
◦ _______ [_____] of blood ______ of a vessel
- ___ hematoma is common
Collection, pooling, outside, ear
◦ Crushing Injury
◦ Force applied to an area of the body over a period of ____
◦ Commonly seen in ___ wounds
time, bite
Additional Type of Wounds
◦ De-gloving Wound: most ______ type of wound in clinical practice; happens when the ___ layers of the skin are ripped in a traumatic fashion from underlying _____/_____/_____ itself
Examples?
severe, top, muscle/CT/bone
◦ Sinus Tract
◦ Burns
◦ Non-Healing Wounds
◦ Open Fracture
◦ Stings
Wound Healing
◦ _____ processes continuously interacting to _____ tissue after injury
◦ Many factors affect how ___ or ____ a wound can heal including?
Multiple, restore, well, quickly
◦ Environment [temperature]
◦ Patient’s overall health
◦ Drug treatments
includes supplements and treatment plant?
Wound Healing Phases
◦ Phase 1 – ______ Phase
◦ Occurs ______ after injury [within __-___ minutes]
◦ Mainly directed at ______ blood loss from the injured area by ______
◦ Vasoconstriction –> _____ aggregation -> ___ formation –> ______ –> ________
Inflammatory, immediately, 5 – 10 , minimizing, hemostasis, platelet, clot, vasodilation, phagocytosis
Wound Healing Phases
◦ Phase 2 – Proliferative Phase
◦ Begins at 3 – 5 days and can last for several weeks [depends on the nature of the wound]
◦ Granulation contraction
◦ Epithelization of the injured tissue
◦ Phase 3 – Remodeling Phase
◦ Begins at approx. 3 weeks and can last weeks to months
◦ Formation of new collagen
◦ Wound tissue strengthening
◦ Scar formation
- GRanulation tissue in dog
- ”” in cat
- ”” in horses
Principals of Wound Care
◦ There is no “golden rule” but there are 6
basic steps to stick with:
◦ 1. Prevention of further wound ________ [_____]
◦ 2. Debridement of dead and dying tissue
◦ 3. Removal of _____ debris and ______
◦ 4. Provision of adequate wound _____
◦ 5. Promotion of a viable ____ bed
◦ 6. Selection of appropriate method of ____
contamination, lavage, foreign, contaminants, drainage, vascular, closure
How to Manage Wounds
◦ _____ assessment
◦ ____ assessment
◦ Wound ____ and _____
◦ Wound ______ plan
Patient, Wound, cleaning, debridement, management
Patient Assessment
DO NOT TREAT WOUND WITHOUT _____
◦ Hemodynamic Stability
◦ Hypotension, murmurs, tachycardia or bradycardia, arrhythmias
◦ Hydration
◦ Start IVF vs. SQ fluid [if patient is dehydrated]
◦ Pain Sensation/Neuro Function
◦ Important in limb injuries
◦ Body Condition
◦ Poor body condition or muscle wasting noted?
◦ Organ Dysfunction
◦ Kidneys? Liver?
◦ Anemia -> is blood transfusion needed?
◦ Evidence of Sepsis
◦ Ie: left shift, toxic or degenerate neutrophils, hypo- or hyperglycemia, prolonged clotting times,
hemodynamic instability
◦ ** PROVIDE ANALGESIA**
ASSESSMENT
Wound Assessment
◦ What type of wound is present?
◦ Clean
◦ Clean-Contaminated
◦ Contaminated
◦ Dirty and Infected
Wound Contamination Classification
- Clean
◦ Involving non-______, non-______, and non- _______ surgical site. Most wounds are not ___ wounds unless ___-made.
◦ _______ tract, ____, or _____ tract is not entered
◦ _____ wound
◦ ____ technique is maintained during surgery
◦ Tissues are not predisposed to _____
contaminated, traumatic, inflamed, clean, self, Gastrointestinal, urinary, respiratory, Surgical, Aseptic, infection
Wound Contamination Classification
– Clean-Contaminated
◦_______ tract, ____, and _____ tract is entered under _____ conditions without unusual contamination
◦ ____ surgical techniques with no ___ of organ contents
◦ Some ___ traumatic wound that have been cleaned
◦ Minor break in ____ [ie:?]
◦ Placement of a _____ in a “clean” wound
Gastrointestinal, urinary, respiratory, controlled, Aseptic, spillage, acute, sterility, perforated glove, drain
