Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Small Animal Surgery > Wound Closure Biomaterials > Flashcards

Wound Closure Biomaterials Flashcards

1
Q

Bladder, fascia, and skin - which one heals the fastest?

A

The bladder heals very fast, and the fascia and skin take a lot longer. Can use quick absorbing material for sutures in the bladder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which 2 tissues are the only tissues that reach 100% tissue strength after healing?

A

Bladder and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ideal Suture Material

A
  • High initial tensile strength but totally biodegradable at a predictable rate
  • Bioinert
  • Good handling characterisitcs, strong, supple, lack of memory
  • Absolute knot security without loss of strength at knot
  • Inexpensive and easily sterilized
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tensile Strength vs Absorption

A
  • Tensile strength: Refers to the strength of the suture and it’s ability to hold wound edges in apposition. As absorption occurs, tensile strength will diminish over time.
  • Absorption: refers to the time needed for the body to absorb or dissolve the suture material
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nonabsorbale suture vs Absorbale suture

A
  • Nonabsorbale suture: retaines tensile strength for longer than 60 days
  • Absorbale suture: undergoes degredation and rapid loss of tensil strength within 60 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three suture structures?

A
  1. Monofilament
  2. Woven-braided
  3. Twisted (catgut)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List two natural absorbale sutures:

A
  1. Catgut
  2. Collagen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Catgut

A
  • Derived from sheep small intestinal submucosa or cattle serosa
  • Twisted multifilament
  • Capillary action - can swell and become untied
  • Absorption by phagocytosis
    • Rate of absorption unpredictable from one package to the next
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Two sutures that are degraded by phagocytosis

A
  • Silk
  • Catgut
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Catgut can come in plain and chromic - when would you use one or the other?

A
  • Chromic lasts longer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Synthetic Absorbales

Multifilament - braided

A
  • Polyglactin 910 - Vicryl
  • Polyglycolic acid - Dexon II
  • Glycolide/lactide copolymer - Polysorb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Synthetic Absorbables

Monofilament

A
  • Polydioxanone - PDS II
  • Polyglyconate - Maxon
  • Poliglecaprone 25 - Monocryl
  • Glycomer 631 - Biosyn
  • Polyglytone 6211 - Caprosyn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Polyglactin 910 - Vicryl

A
  • Braided multifilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - compete absorption ~ 70 days
  • Maintains adquate tensile strength for 14 to 21 days
  • High coefficient of friction increases tissue drag - coating attmepts to minimize drag
  • Not the best suture if you need a long lasting one!!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Polyglactin 910 - Vicryl Rapide

A
  • Same as vicryl, but maintians adequate tensile strength for wound support for less than 14 days
  • Used when fast absorption is advantageous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Polyglycolic acid - Dexon II

A
  • Braided multifilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - enhanced in alkaline environment
  • Maintains adequate tensile strength for 14-21 days
  • Complete absorption 90-120 days
  • High coefficient of friction increases tissue drag
  • Similar to Vicryl, but handles less desirably than vicryl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glycolide/lactide - Polysorb

A
  • Braided multifilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - complete absorption ~ 70 days (similar to polyglactin 910 - Vicryl)
  • Maintains ~ 80% tensile strength at 14 days
  • Similar to vicryl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Polydioxanone - PDS II

A
  • Monofilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - complete absorption by about 6 months
  • Maintains 69% tensile strenght at 42 day
  • Takes the longest to be absorbed (180-240)
  • Tends to kink when used for continuous patterns
  • Used for long-term support (fascia healing)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Polyglyconate - Maxon

A
  • Monofilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - complete absorption ~ 180 days
  • Maintains 55% of tensile strength at 21 days
    • at 21 days is when fascia stops its rapid regaining of strength
  • Handling characteristics similar to PDS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Poliglecaprone 25 - Monocryl

A
  • Monofilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis
  • Rapid loss of tensile strenght - 80% lost by 14 days
  • But - complete absorption takes up to 120 days
  • Used in subcuticular closures, sometimes mucocutaneous junctions - where we want suture absorbed quickly
20
Q

Glycomer 631 - Biosyn

A
  • Monofilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - complete absorption takes 90-180 days
  • Maintains 75% tensile strength at 14 days
  • Used for subcuticular closures, rather than fascia
21
Q

Polyglytone 6211 - Caprosyn

A
  • Monofilament
  • Absorbed by hydrolysis - complete absorption at 56 days
  • Tensile strength
    • 50-60% at 5 days
    • 20-30% at 10 days
    • 0 tensile strength at 21 days
  • Rapid absorbing product - even more than catgut
  • Used for oral cavity
22
Q

Antibacterial sutures - what do these sutures have incorporated in them to make them antibacterial? Do they work?

A

Triclosan - study found no difference in infection rates using this suture

23
Q

List three natural nonabsorbable sutures

A
  1. Silk
  2. Cotton
  3. Stainless steel
24
Q

Silk

A
  • Braided or twisted multifilament
  • Coated to reduce capillarity and friction
  • Slowly loses tensile strength - via phagocytosis
  • Excellent handling, but can potentiate infection
25
Q

Stainless Steel

A
  • Monofilament or multifilament
  • Highest tensile strength
  • Absolute knot security
  • Biologically inert
  • Poor handling characteristics
  • Tends to cycle and break over time
  • Usually in the form of skin staples, and vascular clips to ligate vessels
26
Q

Thoracoabdominal Stapler

A
  • Don’t cut
  • Have double row
  • Used for lung lobe lobectomies or liver lobe lobectomies becuase stables are very hemostatic
27
Q

Six Synthetic Nonabsorbale Sutures

A
  • Nylon
  • Polypropylene
  • Polybutester
  • Polymerized caprolactam
  • Polyester
  • Gore-Tex (polytetrafuorethyelene - PTFE)
    • Teflone used in cardiovascular surgies
28
Q

Nylon - Ethilon, Monosof, Fluorescent Supramide

A
  • Monofilament (multifilament uncommon)
  • Loses 30% of tensile strength over 2 years
  • Fluorescent suture used to be able to find it easily when time to remove
29
Q

Polypropylene - Porlene, Surgipro, Propylglo

A
  • Monofilament
  • High tensile strength
  • Maintains strenght indefinitely - used where longevity is improtant (hernia, cardiovascular surgery)
  • Minimally thrombogenic - used in cardiovascular surgires
  • *also comes in fluorescent form
30
Q

Polybutester - Novafil

A
  • Monofilament
  • Maintains tensile strength
  • Excellent knot security
  • Elasticity
    • Can elongate 30% and return to original length without altering mechanicmal properites
  • Not a first choice for skin sutures
  • Eventually degraded, but lasts longer than nylon
31
Q

Polymerized caprolactam - Supramid, Braunamid

A
  • Twisted multifilament with coating
  • Individual packages or bulk reel
  • Coating has a tendency to crack - particularly if autoclaved
  • Greater tissue reacivity than other nonabsorbales
32
Q

Polyester - Ethibond, Ti-Cron, Mersilene

A
  • Braided multifilament
  • Excellent tensile strength
  • Poor handling characteristics
  • Poor knot security
  • High coefficient of friction unless coated
  • High tissue reactivity
  • Used to be used for cruciate injury, but now not used in veneral vet practice
33
Q

Llist one absorbale and one nonabsorbable suture material that has the highest tissue reactivity:

A
  • Catgut - absorbable
  • Silk - nonabsorbable
34
Q

List one absorbable and one nonabsorbable suture material that has the lowest tissue reactivity:

A
  • Polydioxanone - absorbable
  • Polypropylene - nonabsorbable
35
Q

Tips to prevent suture complications

A
  1. Open suture material immediately prior to use
  2. Do not allow buried materials to contact skin
  3. Handle suture gently to prevent iatrogenic damage
  4. Do not grasp suture with instruments (except for the part that will be cut off)
36
Q
A

Round surgical needle

37
Q
A

Square surgical needle

38
Q
A

french surgical needle

Two strands of suture material - like sewing - causes tissue damage due to double diameter

39
Q
A

Swaged Surgical Needle -

Ideal - suture material in the needle, causing a smooth transition from the suture to the needle

40
Q

Taper Point needle vs Reverse Cutting Needle vs Tapercut Needle

A
  • Reverse cutting needle - cutting edge on the convex part of the needle
  • Tapercut Needle - cutting edge at the point, rest of needle is smooth, very expensive, reserved for cardiovascular sutures
  • Taper point needle - no cutting edge, used in tissues that you don’t want any collateral cutting from needles
41
Q

Most common tissue adhesive - which brand is the best choice?

A
  • Cyanoacrylates
  • Tissumend II (better than nexaband and vetbond)
42
Q

What happens if tissue adhesives are accidentally placed inside the wound?

A

Foreign body reaction is possible

43
Q

Tissumend II - Is sterile product available?

A

Sterile product is no longer available - therefore limited to use on surfaces

44
Q

Which tissue adhesive is absorbable?

A

Tessumend II

45
Q

Which tissue adhesive is manufactured sterile?

A

dermabond

Small Animal Surgery (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions