Wound Care

Question 1

Basic treatment for red, yellow, and black wounds

Answer 1

red: cover
yellow: clean
black: debride

Question 2

What are the wound healing phases

Answer 2

hemostasis
inflammation
proliferative
remodeling
maturation

Question 3

hemostasis phase

Answer 3

blood vessels constrict
platelets gather

Question 4

inflammation phase

Answer 4

heat, swelling, redness, and pain at site
WBCs travel to area - neutrophils and macrophages

Question 5

macerated

Answer 5

moisture

Question 6

dehiscence

Answer 6

partial or total separation of wound

Question 7

periwound

Answer 7

skin surrounding wound

Question 8

indurated

Answer 8

firm or hard skin around wound

Question 9

passive vs. mechanical irrigation

Answer 9

passive: pour stuff over
mechanical: use gauze and soln to gently scrub

Question 10

what is it called when new blood vessels form within the wound

Answer 10

angiogenesis

Question 11

angiogenesis becomes what

Answer 11

granulation tissue where capillary system forms but is still prone to bleeding and trauma

Question 12

what is epithelialization

Answer 12

temp protection starting from wound edges to center

Question 13

what promotes epithelialization

Answer 13

moise environments

Question 14

proliferative phase

Answer 14

fibroblasts create and secrete collagen, angiogenesis, and epithelization

Question 15

maturation phase

Answer 15

completes healing, could take more than a year
collagen reorganized to strengthen, less vascular support
thins

Question 16

list some extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affect wound healing

Answer 16

intrinsic: age, chronic illness, reduced sensation
extrinsic: aspirin, corticosteroids, cancer, inadequate nutrients, stress

Question 17

how are chronic wound healing difference from acute wound

Answer 17

chronic usually heal through secondary intention where the edges are irregular - prevents matrix and scar formation

more fluid and proinflammatory cytokines - slows proliferative phase

Question 18

how to remove dry dressing

Answer 18

add some 0.9% NaCl to moisten for removal

Question 18

never use wet-to-dry dressing on what

Answer 18

granulation tissue

Question 19

how to create wet to dry dressing and purpose

Answer 19

apply saline and take excess out
as dressing dries, will pull exudate out

Question 20

alginate dressings: use and how to use

Answer 20

use: lots of exudate and pack deep wounds, hemostasis
requires contact with wound to provide moisture, need secondary dressing to cover

Question 21

alginate vs. hydrogel dressing

Answer 21

both for exudates
alginate also for stopping blood -> hemostasis

Question 22

hydrogel dressing how to use

Answer 22

cut larger than cavity and apply secondary dressing

Question 23

purpose of transparent film dressings

Answer 23

allow oxygen exchange and keeps from drying out
for necrotic tissue or superficial skin tears

Question 24

what does autolytic wound debridement mean

Answer 24

use body own enzymes and moisture to rehydrate tissue

Question 25

which dressings are autolytic wound debridement

Answer 25

hydrocolloids, hydrogels, transparent films

Question 26

when are binders used

Answer 26

provides support and most often used in abdomen after incision in surgery

Question 27

what does “povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide are cytotoxic” mean

Answer 27

they kill fibroblasts and healing tissue

Question 28

antiseptic agents and examples

Answer 28

inhibit or kill microbes
povidone-iodine, silver agents, hydrogen peroxide

Question 29

antibacterial agents examples

Answer 29

bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin B, triple abx ointment

Question 30

what that negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) OR called vacuum assisted closure (VAC) do

Answer 30

help with wound contraction, debridement, and removal of exudate by applying suction;
helps with granulation, and decrease bacteria

Question 31

what are penrose drains

Answer 31

open drainage system

Question 32

low air loss mattress

Answer 32

redistribute pressure and allow flow of air prevent moisture accumulation

Question 33

air fluidized bed surface

Answer 33

;redistribute pressure with air forced through beads; for pts with skin graft, skin flap, or moist areas of skin

Question 34

lateral rotation surfaces

Answer 34

passive motion to promote movement; for pts with venous stasis or urinary issues

Question 35

hyperbaric oxygen therapy usage

Answer 35

promote cell growth for burns and necrotic infections

Question 36

growth factor therapy usage

Answer 36

use of plasma rich in platelets allow stimulation of fibroblasts to increase cell growth

Question 37

ultrasound therapy usage

Answer 37

decrease pain, increase granulation, lower chances of infection

Question 38

what does applying oxygen therapy do for pt with multiple wounds

Answer 38

improves perfusion and decreases likelihood of increased inflammatory phase in chronic wounds