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social studies 4th 9 Weeks > World War II Test > Flashcards

World War II Test Flashcards

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0
Q

what year did ww2 end?

A

1945

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1
Q

what year did world war 2 begin?

A

1939

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2
Q

what is fascism?

A

a political philosophy that exalts nation above the individual and that stands for a government headed by a dictator

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3
Q

what is nazism?

A
  • extreme form of fascism, anti-jew

- national socialist German workers party, founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power in 1933 under Adolf hitler

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4
Q

what we’re the causes of ww2?

A
  1. hitler
  2. expansionism
  3. appeasement
  4. treaty of Versailles
  5. Munich conference
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5
Q

what did hitler vow to defy?

A
  • the treat of Versailles

- promises to restore Germany to it’s greatness

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6
Q

what is expansionism?

A

Germany, Italy, and japan began expanding their empires into neighboring countries

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7
Q

what is appeasement?

A

meeting demands of a hostile power to avoid war

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8
Q

what was the Munich conference?

A
  • meeting between Britain + Germany
  • Great Britain agreed that Germany could have Sudentenland (land around the borders) if hitler promised not to make any further territorial demands in Europe
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9
Q

when was the Munich agreement signed?

A

September 29, 1938

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10
Q

describe the non aggression pact

A
  • August 23, 1939
  • between Germany and Soviet Union
  • divided Europe into “territories”
  • Germany to have Western Europe and Soviet Union to have Baltic states of Eastern Europe
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11
Q

what countries we’re in the axis powers?

A
  • Germany- hitler
  • Italy- Mussolini
  • Japan-Emperor Hirohito
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12
Q

what countries we’re in the allied powers?

A
  • MURICA-Franklin D. Roosevelt
  • Great Britain-Prime Minister Churchill
  • Russia-Stalin
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13
Q

describe hitlers first invasion of Poland

A
  • September 1st, 1939
  • hitler uses blitzkrieg warfare
  • Germany takes over.. Poland, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands
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14
Q

what happens of September 3rd, 1939?

A

France and Britain declare war on Germany

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15
Q

describe the phony war

A
  • troops formed a system of fortification a few miles away from each other
  • each side waited for the other to attack, nothing happened
  • newspaper authors called this “the phony war” and “sitzkrieg(sitting war)”
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16
Q

what was the miracle at Dunkirk?

A
  • may 1940
  • German troops quickly take over Belgium and attack allied troops from behind the maginot line
  • 340,000 soldiers we’re evacuated
  • this rescue saved allied forces from complete annihilation
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17
Q

what happened on June 22, 1940?

A
  • after 6 weeks of resistance, France surrenders to Germany

- hitler quickly makes plans to invade Europe

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18
Q

describe the Battle of Britain

A
  • August 1940-May 1941
  • nazis bomb Britain, hoping to force Britain to withdrawal from the war
  • first battle fought over air
  • British uses radar and enigma to hold off Germans, resulting in hitler calling back attacks
  • significance: showed allies that hitlers attacks could be held off
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19
Q

what was the British Air Force called?

A

RAF- Royal Airforce

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20
Q

what was the German Air Force called?

A

Luftwaffe

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21
Q

describe operation Barbarossa

A

June 22, 1941- Spring 1942

  • code name for German invasion of the Soviet Union
  • off guard, soviets burned all they had that the nazis could use
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22
Q

what happened on September 8th, 1941 during operation Barbarossa?

A

hitler laid siege to Leningrad, but the city refused to surrender

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23
Q

what happened on October 2nd, 1941 during operation Barbarossa?

A
  • troops in Moscow
  • soviets launch counter offense
  • the day was a failure
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24
Q

describe the Mediterranean

A
  • Mussolini attempts to take control of Mediterranean region
  • British launch counter offense and successfully lush Italians to Libya
  • German general Erwin Rommel arrives(leader of afrika korps) (earned name “desert fox”)
  • British caught off guard
  • devastating loss for allies
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25
Q

why did the us decide to stay isolated?

A
  • us citizens felt like they we’re dragged into ww1
  • citizens felt they should concentrate on domestic problems
  • congress passed neutrality acts in 1930s to prevent us from taking sides
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26
Q

describe Pearl Harbor

A
  • US. cuts off oil supply to japan because of aggressiveness in Asia
  • japan retaliates: Dec. 7, 1941
  • Japanese planes bombed US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
  • damaged/sank 8 battleships, destroyed 200 planes, 2,400 troops killed
  • pulled US into war
27
Q

describe the Japanese internment camps

A
  • Japanese Americans we’re forced to move to war relocation camps by order of Roosevelt
  • executive order 9066, issued feb 14, 1942
28
Q

what we’re the two Japanese war camps in ar?

A

Jerome

Rohuer

29
Q

name the three German POW camps in AR

A

-camp Robinson
-camp Chaffee
-camp Dermott
23,000 people we’re sent to these POW camps
they we’re used used by farmer who faced labor shortages

30
Q

describe the Doolittle raid

A
  • April 18, 1942
  • lieutenant colonel Doolittle bombs Tokyo and 4 other cities
  • significance- proved US was capable of striking back, boosted US morale
  • Japanese Klee 250,000 Chinese civilians looking for doolittles men
31
Q

describe midway island attack

A
  • June 4-7, 1942
  • key US airfield on midway island
  • admiral Charles Nimitz broke japan code and knew of attack, launching counter attack
  • we destroyed planes still on decks of aircraft carriers from japan
  • significance: turned the tide on the war in the pacific,, allies now took offensive side
32
Q

what did the war production board do in America?

A

directed manufacture of wartime supplies

33
Q

what was the office of scientific research and development?

A
  • manhattan project
  • improved radar + sonar
  • penicillin
34
Q

what was Stalingrad?

A

a major industrial center by the Volga River

  • attacked by Germans, soviets launched counter offensive, trapping Germans inside the city
  • soviets cut off all supplies from the Germans
  • 90,000 of the 330,000 survived
  • significance: Germany now on defensive side (retreating westward)
35
Q

what strategy did the Big 3 create that the allies used?

A
  • put Germany on defensive
  • attack North Africa
  • invade Europe
  • defeat japan in pacific
36
Q

what was the North Africa campaign and operation torch?

A
  • US lands in Moraco and Algeria under command of general Dwight D Eisenhower
  • crush rommels forces between allies
  • afrika korps defeated in May 1943
  • significance: provided a clear base from which allies could invade Italy
  • Tuskegee airmen
37
Q

what was the invasion of Italy?

A
  • allied forces attack and capture island of Sicily
  • Mussolini removed from power
  • Italy surrenders
  • significance: German troops began retreating northward
38
Q

what was the Teheran conference?

A
  • November 26, 1943
  • held in Teheran, Iran
  • meeting of the “big 3”
  • Franklin Roosevelt
  • Winston Churchill
  • Josef Stalin
  • developed a plan to start another front of France
39
Q

describe D-Day

A
  • June 6, 1944
  • allied invasion of Europe
  • code name: operation overload
  • largest land/sea/air attack in history, led by general Eisenhower
  • allied forces fought their way into 60 mile stretch of beach in Normandy France, they secured the beaches by the end of the day
  • significance: Germany retreats eastward
40
Q

what was the battle of the bulge?

A
  • dec 6, 1944
  • last major German offensive
  • hitler tries to divide allied troops, makes a “bulge”
  • allied forces counter attack and force German retreat
41
Q

what was the yalta conference?

A
  • feb 4, 1945
  • second wartime conference of the Big 3
  • discusses what to do about post-war world
42
Q

VE DAY

A
  • allied troops push Germans into Germany
  • may 8, 1945
  • victory in Europe
  • Eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender from German military
  • surrender officially signed in Berlin
43
Q

what was island hopping?

A
  • establishing a line of overlapping island bases
  • capture certain key islands, one after another until japan is within reach
  • commander of allied forces jn pacific: Douglas MacArthur
44
Q

what we’re kamikaze?

A
  • japan suicide planes with allied ships as their target

- showed Japanese valued national honor more than individual life

45
Q

what was the Bataan death march?

A

-japan forces march of over 50 miles where the japs treaties their captives to terrible cruelties, killing 16,000 of the 70,000-75,000

46
Q

describe Americas attack of Iwo Jima

A
  • feb-March 1945
  • island part of japan
  • 8 sq. miles and heavily fortified, us troops fought for every inch
47
Q

describe Americas attack if Okinawa

A
  • April-June 1945
  • one of the bloodiest battles on land
  • highest number of deaths in pacific theater since ww1
  • japan lost over 100,000 troops killed or captured, America losing 50,000
48
Q

who we’re the code talkers?

A
  • Navajo native Americans
  • native language- unwritten and complex
  • took part in every assault the US marines conducted in pacific from 1942-1945
  • only code unbroken
49
Q

describe the atomic bomb

A
  • president Harry Truman wanted to end the war quick

- he ordered Japan’s surrender of face a “rain of ruin from the air”

50
Q

what was the Ebola gay?

A
  • Boeing B-29 “super fortress”
  • it dropped both bombs
  • Hiroshima: August 6, 1945
  • Nagasaki: August 9, 1945
51
Q

VJ DAY!

A
  • September 2, 1945
  • Japanese officially surrender unconditionally
  • ceremony held at USS Missouri
52
Q

the cost of the war

A
  • 50 million people died
  • Germany left the war a devastated country
  • demilitarization of Germany and japan
53
Q

what we’re the Nuremberg trials?

A

Germany and Japanese politicians and general we’re out on trial for war crimes

54
Q

what was the Marshall plan?

A

-US secretary of state George Marshall offered economic aid to European countries regardless of what side try we’re on

55
Q

describe the actions taken post-war in japan

A
  • MacArthur put in charge of re-stabilizing japan

- by 1951 they had a new constitution, all adults we’re granted suffrage, and strategic economic policies we’re in place

56
Q

what we’re the long term effects of ww2?

A
  • formation of United Nations
  • rise of US and USSR as two new superpowers
  • beginning of the Cold War
57
Q

what was walnut ridge in Arkansas?

A
  • located in Lawrence county
  • home of an army flying school
  • currently a museum and baptist college
58
Q

describe the willawaw war

A
  • conflict between US and Japanese troops in Aleution islands
  • AR nations guard we’re mobilized and served in this conflict
59
Q

what does “willawaw” mean?

A

sudden wind, rain, snow, and fog

60
Q

who was Maurice “footsie” Britt?

A
  • served in North Africa and Italy
  • awarded the congressional Medal of Honor
  • later serves as lieutenant governor
61
Q

who was William Darby?

A
  • helped the Army Ranger Battalion
  • used secret tactics to surprise and defeat enemy troops
  • his men known as “Darby’s rangers”
62
Q

who was Paul Douglas?

A
  • from Greene county

- one of the most highly decorated fighter pilots

63
Q

who was Pierce McKinnon?

A
  • famous flying ace from Clarksville

- shot down more than 20 enemy aircraft

64
Q

who was Woodrow W. Crockett?

A

-served as Tuskegee airman

social studies 4th 9 Weeks (12 decks)

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