4th Nine Weeks Test Flashcards
1
Q
what event occurred on the described as a “date which will live in infamy”?
A
Pearl Harbor
2
Q
what was the main target of the kamikazes?
A
Allied Ships
3
Q
what created the tension that led to the attack on Pearl Harbor?
A
US cuts off Japan’s oil supply
4
Q
what does “blitzkrieg” mean?
A
lightning warfare
5
Q
what agency directed the U.S. manufacture of wartime supplies?
A
War Production Board
6
Q
who was the commander of Allied forces in the Pacific war?
A
douglas macarthur
7
Q
during the massive military campaign known as D-Day, where did the Allied troops land?
A
Normandy, France
8
Q
which countries belonged to the Axis powers?
A
Germany, Italy, and Japan
9
Q
what was executive order 9066?
A
order to remove Japanese people from their homes and into camps
10
Q
who was the commander of Allied forces in Europe?
A
Dwight Eisenhower
11
Q
why did the US decide to stay isolated from foreign affairs?
A
- US citizens felt they were dragged into WWI
- citizens felt they should concentrate on domestic problems
- congress passed neutrality acts to prevent US from taking sides
12
Q
what was the name of the plane that dropped the atomic bombs on Japan?
A
Enola Gay
13
Q
with what country did Germany sign a non-aggression pact?
A
soviet union
14
Q
the trials that tried Japanese and Nazi leaders for war crimes were called what?
A
numbreg trials
15
Q
what two cities were devastated by the atomic bombs?
A
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
16
Q
when did Great Britain and France declare war on Germany?
A
september 3rd, 1939
17
Q
who was the commander of the German Africa Korps?
A
Germany General- Erwin Rommel
-aka “desert fox”
18
Q
describe the Doolittle Raid
A
- April 18, 1942
- lieutenant colonel Doolittle bombs Tokyo and 4 other towns
- this proved the US was capable of striking back, boosted US morale
- japanese killed an estimated 250,000 chinese civilians while searching for doolittle’s men
19
Q
what was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
A
it showed the Allies that Hitler’s forces could be blocked
20
Q
the holocaust was caused by Germany’s attempt to do what?
A
get rid of “subhumans”
21
Q
describe why Great Britain was able to stand up to Hitler in the Battle of Britain
A
…
22
Q
describe D-Day
A
- june 6, 1944
- allied invasion of europe with codename of “operation overload”
- largest land-sea-air attack in history, led by General Eisenhower
- allied forces fought their way onto a 60 mile stretch of beach in normandy, france
- significance- germany retreats eastward
23
Q
describe the Battle of the Bulge
A
- december 16, 1944
- last major german offensive
- hitler tries to divide allied troops
- successfully makes a “bulge”
- allied troops counter attack and force german retreat
24
Q
describe why the Battle of Midway was the turning point of the war against Japan
A
because the Allies now took the offensive side
25
describe how Battles of Iwo JIma and Okinawa gave the Allies bases close to Japan's mainland
the two islands helped Allies slowly but surely get closer and closer to Japan by supporting island hopping
26
what are two Japanese internment camps located in Arkansas during WWII?
Jerome and Rohuer
27
what are the German POW camps in Arkansas during WWII?
Camp Robinson, Camp Chaffee, and Camp Dermott
28
define the Warsaw pact
made up of Soviet Union and Eastern Europe communist countries
29
what was US foreign policy directed at stopping the spread of communism called?
containment policy
30
Define NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
| - Ten western European nations, the US, and Canada
31
defiine the Cold War
lasted from 1945 to early 1990s, it was a conflict and period of distrust between Soviet Union and US
32
describe the United Nations
....
33
describe the Berlin Airlift
- soviets cut off highway, water, rail-traffic, and electricity to secure west Berlin
- stalin thought the Allies would surrender, but planes landed every 3 mins in Berlin to drop off gifts and supplies
- they brought 2.3 million tons of gifts to Berlin
34
define war by proxy
opposing powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other
35
define vietnamization
- july 1969
- strategy announced by President Nixon
- gradual withdrawal of troops
- slowly turn fighting over to South Vietnamese
36
define the Domino Theory
if one country converts to communism, other countries will follow
37
define escalation
- march 1965
- president johnson began sending combat troops to Vietnam
- general westmoreland continued to ask for more troops
38
describe Gulf of Tonkin resolution
in 1964 congress passed a resolution that authorized military action in Southeast Asia
39
describe War Powers Pact
limited presidents war making powers
40
what is the region described as being behind the "iron curtain" include?
split between democratic western europe and communist eastern europe
41
what object came to symbolize the "iron curtain" created.
the berlin wall
42
who did the Bay of Pigs attempt to overthrow?
Castro
43
what happened as a result of the Bay of Pigs invasion?
...
44
where is the United Nations based?
NYC
45
along what line of latitude was Korea divided?
38th parallel
46
who led the American and UN forces in Korea?
Douglas MacArthur
47
who was the US President when the Korean War began?
harry s Truman
48
which countries are permanent members of the Security Council?
China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States
49
when American forces reached its border, what country got involved in the Korean War?
China
50
what countries were included in French Indochina?
Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos
51
why did Ho Chi Minh form the Viet Minh?
to make vietnam independent from all foreign rule
52
what decision was not laid out in the Geneva Accords?
...
53
which of the following events led to the escalation of US troops in Vietnam?
...
54
what was the Tet Offensive?
Tet- Vietnamese New Year
- viet minh and viet cong launch surprise attack on the South
- soldiers hid their weapons , dressed a civilians, and entered cities undetected
55
why was the Tet Offensive considered the turning point in the war?
many began to think the US could not win
56
why did many Americans protest the war?
- they thought the US shouldn't be involved in another country's civil war
- methods of fighting were immoral
- many opposed draft and it's unfairness
57
communist leader of North Vietnam during the Vietnam War was whom?
Ho Chi Minh
58
what was the result of the Vietnam war?
For US-
-58,000 died/300,000 wounded
-nightmares and stress issues
-returned to a country who treated them coldly
For Vietnam-
-more than 1.2 million vietnamese died
-US bombing and chemical spraying cause lasting damage to farmland and forests
-vietnamese economy ruined, became communists
59
what was the result of the Korean war?
the Korean War Armistice
| -korea is still split into North and South with the 38th parallel and a 2.4 mile buffer zone
60
who was the AR Governor in 1957 during the Central High Crisis?
Orval Faubas
61
who was the man who taught the army how to organize rangers?
...
62
what was the first school to have trouble with integration in AR when segregationists from inside and outside the community protested?
...
63
what was the court case ending "separate but equal" race segregation?
Brown v.s Board of Education
64
what was the first district in the old south to successfully integrate all twelve grades?
Fayetteville
65
who was the first woman elected to US Senate?
Hattie Caraway
66
who was the United States General at Korea who was born in Little Rock?
Douglas MacArthur
67
who was the NAACP leader in AR in 1957?
Daisy Bates
68
what was the department store chain founded in Nashvillle, AR?
Dillard's
69
what investment banking firm was founded in Little Rock in 1933?
Stephens Inc.
70
what is the worlds' largest company that was founded in Bentonville?
Walmart
71
what is one of America's leading transport businesses; founded in Lowell?
J.B. Hunt
72
what is the World's Largest processor and marketer of beef, chicken, and pork, headquarters in Springdale?
Tyson Foods
73
who appointed African Americans to state board for 1st time?
...
74
who was the first Republican governor since reconstruction; multimillionare
Bill Clements
75
who became governor because he was free of special interests; also US senator?
...
76
who served as state legislator, governor, US Senator, and US Representative?
...
77
who was the first african american to attend University of Arkansas Law School?
Silas Hunt
78
define trusty
...
79
define philanthropy
...
80
define special interests
...
81
define the sunshine law
...
82
describe nonviolent type of protests used by Gandhi
....
83
why was the spinning wheel an important part of ghandi's life?
...
84
describe ghandi's life
...
85
describe "apartheid"
...
86
describe the ANC
...
87
who eased the apartheid laws in South Africa, leading the way to Mandel's release?
...
88
put the presidents in correct order from Roosevelt to Nixon
```
Roosevelt
Truman
Eisenhower
Kennedy
Johnson
Nixon
"Rashaunda took Eden's 15 karate jewel in November"
```
89
describe Southern Tenant Farmer's Union
...
90
describe Dyess Colony
...
91
what was Arkansas; major money maker in the 1920s?
...
92
what town in AR saw the first big oil boom?
...
93
why was the Arkansas Advancement Association formed?
...
94
what factors combined in the 1930s to create hardship and financial depression for Arkansans?
...
95
define arkies
...
96
what is deficit spending?
...
97
define liberal and conservative
...
98
describe the FDIC program
...
99
describe the Social Security program
....
100
list accomplishments of Harvey Couch
....
