Roaring 20s/Great Depression Test Flashcards
0
Q
what happened during the 1920s?
A
- u.s economy booming
- many Americans living in poverty or near poverty conditions
- new machinery and agricultural methods
- people bought stocks from borrowed money
1
Q
what was the Dawes plan?
A
- international committee met to stabilize German economy
- loaned $200 million to German government
- foreign countries began to invest in Germany’s companies
2
Q
what is speculation?
A
trading of stocks to make good profits
3
Q
what was the flood of 1927?
A
- described as the most destructive river flood in US history
- AR hardest hit out of 8 states affected
- human and financial loss was catastrophic
4
Q
describe the dust bowl
A
- 1930 brought the worst drought on record
- drought turned Great Plains into a dust bowl
- farmers loaded up their belongings and moved west (to California) in search of food or work
5
Q
what was another name for the farmers moving west during the dust bowl?
A
arkies
6
Q
when was Black Tuesday?
A
October 29, 1929
7
Q
what marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
A
the stock market crash of 1929
8
Q
describe the stock market crash
A
- a huge plunge in stock market prices
- people lost all of their money, including life savings and money they had borrowed
9
Q
what was global depression?
A
- everyone demanding their clients the repayment of loans
- foreign businesses cutting jobs
- international trade plummeted
10
Q
what was the roaring 20s?
A
- period of influential changes in lifestyle, arts, and technogy
- signaled the start of modern times
- wide variety and large quantities of consumer goods
- many moved to cities to work in factories
11
Q
give some examples of new technology created in the roaring 20s
A
- telephone
- radio
- motion pictures
- electric lights
- refrigerators
- washers
- automobiles
12
Q
what is installment buying?
A
buying items with monthly payment
13
Q
describe the youth during the 20s
A
- stayed in school much longer and socialized more
- new clothing and style
14
Q
what did the men wear in the 20s?
A
- extra-wide, floppy pants
- hair slicked back
15
Q
what did women wear in the 20s?
A
- shorter hairstyle called “the bob”
- shorter dress right below the knee
16
Q
what we’re some new dances during the 20s?
A
- charleston
- dance marathons
17
Q
what we’re the roles of women during the 20s?
A
- flapper
- bobbed hair, make-up, shorter dresses
- personal freedom
- drove cars, played sports, went to college, took jobs
18
Q
what did the 18th amendment do?
A
prohibited manufacturing, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages
19
Q
what did the 18th amendment result in?
A
organized crime
20
Q
who was al Capone?
A
ruthless crime boss in chigaco, also know as “scarface”
21
Q
what was a speakeasy?
A
underground private club during prohibition-headquarters for organized crime
22
Q
when was the 18th amendment repealed?
A
1933
23
Q
what did the 19th amendment do?
A
granted women right to vote
24
describe life in Arkansas during the 20s
- remained poor with slow progress despite new economic successes
- aware of the changing social aspects on a much smaller state
25
who was Harvey couch?
- began building telephone lines around the state
- founded the AR power and light company (now known as entergy)
- convinced northern bankers to build dams on the ouachita river
- started AR's first radio station- WOK in Pine Bluff
26
describe arkansas' oil boom
- discovered oil in el dorado
- experienced rapid population growth
- 4th largest producer of oil among all states during 1920s
27
describe the Arkansas advancement association
- formed to promote good points of the state to out of state investors
- brought newspaper and magazine authors to tour Arkansas
28
what were the "wonders" of Arkansas?
- minerals
- forests
- rich soil
29
describe tourism in Arkansas
- called "the wonder state"
- general assembly adopted the new nickname in 1920s
- promoted natural resources and investment opportunities
30
what we're some industries in Arkansas during the 20s?
- timber and furniture industries proved arkansas' largest money maker
- railroad companies
31
what was the climber company?
Arkansas' only car manufacturer
32
what did African Americans do during the 20s?
- migrated north to find jobs
| - formed NAACP
33
give examples of divided society during the 20s
- science v.s religion
- creation v.s evolution
- African Americans v.s Whites
34
where did the jazz age take place?
New Orleans
35
what two entertainers we're the face of the jazz age?
Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong
36
what was the Harlem Renaissance?
a rebirth of hope for African Americans
37
what was the cotton club?
jazz club in Harlem, New York that featured the greatest black entertainers and only accepted whites
38
what was the Great Depression?
- serious and worldwide economic decline of the 1930s
- production of goods and services fell drastically
- unemployment rate jumped to 25%
- sharp downturn in the economy
39
how many businesses and banks declared bankruptcy during the Great Depression?
100,000
40
how many banks failed in Arkansas during the Great Depression?
192
41
what percent of businesses closed in Arkansas during the great depression?
nearly 1/2
42
how many Arkansans lost their jobs during the Great Depression?
245,000
43
who was Hattie Conway?
- her husband died while in office (senator), so she jumped in to finish his term
- in 1932, Hattie campaigned to fill the senate seat for a full term
- she won by a large margin and became the first female U.S senator
44
describe the election of 1932
- Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected for president
| - he was willing to try new federal programs to help Americans
45
what was the "hundred days"?
actions taken place by FDR during his first days in office to alleviate the effects of the depression
46
what was the new deal?
- FDR's plan to bring U.S out of depression
- relief for needy
- recovery for businesses
- reform for the economic system
47
what was a bank holiday?
closed all banks in U.S; only allowed open when proved financially strong
48
what was deficit spending?
used borrowed money to fund government programs
49
what was the FDIC?
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corp
| - formed to back savings accounts
50
what was FERA?
- Federal Emergency Relief Administration
- $9 million to AR
- provided food, shelter, and money for the unemployed
51
what was the WPA?
- replaced FERA
| - ended peoples need for government aid
52
what was the AAA?
- Agricultural Adjustment Act
- paid farmers NOT to grow crops, as quantity decreased, prices stabilized
- higher wages for hired hands
- better deal for tenants
53
what does liberal mean?
one that is supportive of government programs
54
what does conservative mean?
one that is opposed to government programs
55
what is a public works project?
government funded construction program
56
what is laissez-faire?
one opposed to government regulation, hands-off policy
57
describe the Dyess Colony
- Roosevelt created Farm Security Administration (FDA-aimed at moving displaced farmers onto new lands)
- using AR program as a model, W.R Dyess(state's FERA chief and plantation owner) used FERA funds to create an ideal farm community for AR relief clients
- divided 16,000 acres into 500 farmsteads,designed in shape of a wagon wheel
58
what we're the effects of the new deal?
- many Arkansans we're better off than before the depression
- long turn reforms promised a better future for all Americans
- people once again trusted federal government
59
what was the containment policy?
approach to preventing communism
