World War 2: Part 2 Flashcards
Individual rights
Powers or privileges a person is entitles to that cannot be taken away by the gov’t
National security
Providing safety for a country by defending it against invasion espionage/sabotage, or control against foreign powers
Individual rights are ______ not ______
relative
absolute
Criteria used to determine the limits on individual rights
- National security is at risk
- A clear danger exists
- Public safety is at risk
- Libel(Printing false statements) or Slander(Speaking false statements)
Executive Order #9066
-Signed Feb. 1942
- Empowered the U.S army to divide the west coast into military zones from all persons of Japanese ancestry were excluded 40 miles inland.
Internment
Forced relocation of a group of people, confine, inbound, or seize and hold.
Korematsu vs. U.S
- 1942
- Man from California took his individual rights to court and lost.
10 states for internment camps
Idaho, Utah, Wyoming, Arizona, California, Arkansas, Colorado
Internment camps
Put Japanese people or Japanese ancestry in camps were they could not leave, barbed wire, bad housing, bad nutrition, bad health care, etc.
Civil Liberties Act of 1988
Internment camps rectified
Japan took Manchuria
Wanted to expand territory
Attack on China in 1937
Shortage of natural resources like oil
Fighting conditions in the Pacific
The U.S had never had dense, humid, temp above 100, etc.
General Douglas MacArthur
- America’s most senior general
- 60 years old
- Command of vital U.S bases in the Philippines
“I Shall Return”
MacArthur had to leave his men
December 1941
Attack on Philippines
March 1942
Surrendered and lost the Philippines
Bataan Death March
- 76,000 prisoners
- Marched 60 miles
- 5 days
Doolittle’s Raid
- James Doolittle
- Air Raid
- Mainland
- 16 bombers (5-men crews)
Battle of Midway
- June 4-6, 1942
- Important supply point
- Midway between Hawaii and Japan
- Turning point in the Pacific
Island Hopping
- Leapfrog
- Island to island
Navajo Code Talkers
- Marine code talkers
- 400 Native Americans
- Used own language to crack code
October 1944
-2.5 years
- MacArthur went back for his men
Battle of Leyte Gulf
- 1st action
- Philippines
- Supply lines in East Indies would be cut
Kamikaze
- Divine wind
- Japan’s new weapon
- suicide missions
- crashed into enemy ships
Mount Suribachi
Extinct volcano on the tip of Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima
-3 airstrips
-beaches were quiet
-36 days in combat
How many days were spent in Okinawa?
82 days
Operation code name of Okinawa?
Iceberg
What was underground on Okinawa?
Caves and tunnels the Japanese hid in
What did the American troops use during Okinawa?
Flame throwers
What was dishonorable to the Japanese?
-Getting captured
-They committed suicide by jumping off the cliff
Ushijima & Sho
-Generals
-Committed suicide on June 22
April 12, 1945
FDR died
April 30, 1945
Hitler committed suicide
May 8, 1945
V-E day
July, 1945
Potsdam conference in Germany
Harry Truman
New president of the U.S
Clement Atlee
New Prime Minister
Joseph Stalin
Soviet Unions leader
During the conference
Harry Truman got word of developing the A-bomb
Lesley Groves
Led the U.S Corps of engineers for the Manhattan Project
Robert Oppenheimer
Physicist of the Atomic bomb
Oppenheimer’s quote
“I am death, the shatterer of worlds.”
Enola Gay
B-29 bomber, named after pilots mother
Little Boy’s target
Hiroshima
What chain of islands were targeted
-Mariana Islands chain
-Tinian Island
Paul Tibbets
-Best bomber pilot
-pilot of “Little Boy”
What was Little Boy
Uranium bomb
What was Fat Man
Plutonium bomb
Bock’s car
B-29 bomber
Charles Sweeney
Pilot of Fat Man
2nd Target
Nagasaki, main island of Kyushu
Impact of dropping the A-bomb
- Brought the beginning of the nuclear age
- Introduced a new weapon that would change the nature of war forever
- Altered the balance of power as the U.S gained the status of “superpower”
September 2, 1945
V-J Day
V-J Day
Victory in Japan Day
Japan surrendered
Japan Surrendered on the U.S.S Missouri in Tokyo Bay
1948
Japanese war crimes were held in Tokyo
Hideki Tojo was executed
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Dwight Eisenhower
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
John F. Kennedy
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Lyndon B. Johnson
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Richard Nixon
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Gerald Ford
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Jimmy Carter
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
Ronald Reagan
- U.S presidents that served in WW2
George HW Bush
First atomic bomb dropped where
New Mexico desert
July 16, 1945
War is over
“Little Boy” was on what warship?
Indianapolis
Morning of July 27
Potsdam text reached Tokyo
One condition the Japanese made
Emperor Hirohito would never be removed, imprisoned, or charged with war crimes.
July 27
“Fat Man” arrived in Tinian
Henry L. Stimson
Secretary of war
Afternoon of August 5
“Litttle boy” was being loaded into the bomb bay of the Enola Gay
August 6, 1945
“Little boy” was dropped at 8:15:30 am
What was baked in the ground after the bomb exploded?
Potatoes
August 9
“Fat Man” exploded on that morning
August 15, noon
Emperor Hirohito broadcasted a message to his civilians
