World War 2: Part 1 Flashcards
Holocaust
The systematic murder of 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany during WW2; comes from a Greek word meaning “sacrifice by burning”, become a part of the English language in the 1950s
Genocide
The deliberate annihilation of an entire race
Anti-Semitism
Hatred of the Jews
Persecution of the Jews
Attacks on the street by troopers
Boycotts
Book-burnings
Signs
yellow star
propaganda
schools
Nuremberg Laws
Took citizenship away from Jews
Banned marriage
no voting or holding public office
banned from practicing law and medicine
Half of the Jews were homeless
Kristallnacht
“The night of broken glass”, Violence against the Jews culminated on the night of Nov. 9, 1938
Jewish Refugees Flees
1933-1939, More than 350,000 escaped from Nazi Germany, many countries refused them entry, can’t take more than $4.
Einstazgruppen
SS mobile killing units, sent into Germany to round of Jews, Forced to dig pits that would be their grave once they shot them.
Ghettos
Rounded up and herded into ghettos until the final solution, Late Oct. 1939, Sections of the city, sealed off with brick walls and barbed wire, Police guards, controlled, terrible conditions, 300 ghettos,
Warsaw, Poland
1943, uprising, young group of Jewish leaders organized it, fought Germans for 4 weeks but lost
The Final Solution
Jan. 20th, 1942, complete extermination of the Jews
Concentration Camps
Jews were sent to work slave labor until they died of exhaustion and starvation, food rations
Extermination Camps
exterminated by poison gas and burned in the crematoria
Transportation
Transported to these camps by tightly packed cattle cars, no food, water, and lack of air
Arrival
Clothing and belongings were taken, heads shaved, tattooed numbers
Conditions
Starvation, disease, lice, freezing temperatures, scientific experiments, surgeries without sleeping gas, poisonous gas in showers, bodies burned
Nuremberg Trials
Several Nazi leaders committed suicide, 22 Nazis to trail, Crimes against peace, War Crimes, Crimes against humanity, 12 sentenced to death, 7 life in prison, 3 acquitted in few years, 177 for various crimes
How many killed?
6 million, 2/3
DP
Displaced person camps were made for the Jews who didn’t have a home anymore.
Land of their forefathers
United nations voted for the Jews to return to the land of their forefathers and reestablish a homeland in the land Palestine.
May 1948
Israel declared its independence
War Bonds
Citizens bought war bonds to fund the war and in return the less expensive stamps could be redeemed for a bond.
Factories
Working in factories was very important to helping in the war. Most men entered into the war, so women mostly took over in the factory.
Rosie the Riveter.
Conservation
Rationing was in order for the soldiers to not run out of essential supplies, SAVING, RECYCLING, RATIONING