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History 10 > The New Deal: Unit 1 > Flashcards

The New Deal: Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

New Deal

A

FDR’s programs that were passed by congress, i an effort to end the Great Depression and reform the nations economy

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2
Q

Following Problems

A

Unemployment
Homeless
Banks
Stock Market
Those in debt
Farm crisis
Industrial Recovery

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3
Q

Election of 1932

A

Herbert Hoover vs Franklin Delano Roosevelt
FDR won by a landslide

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4
Q

20th Amendment

A

Inauguration day was changed to January 20th made in 1933

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5
Q

Lame Duck

A

The period in between November and January

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6
Q

21st Amendment

A

Prohibition is repealed, selling and drinking of alcohol

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7
Q

Roosevelts Background

A

5th cousin of former president Teddy Roosevelt
Wealthy upbringing; only child
Educated at Harvard
Eleanor Roosevelt (related, last name)
Only president to be elected 4 times
Governor of New York
Only president to serve in a wheel-chair, from polio

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8
Q

Famous Inauguration Speech quote

A

“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

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9
Q

Franklin and Eleanor political partnership

A

Involved in presidency, involved first lady.
Help in speeches, advice, etc.

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10
Q

Franklin

A

Cheerful
Optimistic
Confidence
Communication

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11
Q

Eleanor

A

Powerful force
Solve social issues
First lady

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12
Q

Brain Trust

A

Economic experts who helped FDR develop his New Deal Plan

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13
Q

Frances Perkins

A

1st women to be selected by the president
Secretary of labor

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14
Q

FDR Philosophy

A

Government responsibility to help citizens
Increase taxes for the working to give money to the unemployed
Government-funded public work, to those unemployed

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15
Q

First 100 Days

A

Congress gave free-reign and rubber-stamped his proposals during the first days
15 major acts…never been done before

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16
Q

FDR’s first New Deal action

A

Saving the banks
1. Bank “holiday”, closing banks for 8 days
2. Emergency banking relief act-inspected each bank
3. 1 million was given back

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17
Q

Fireside Chats

A

Spoke to the American people on a radio

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18
Q

Alphabet Soup

A

The first letter of the word, New Deal programs

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19
Q

3 Major goals of the New Deal

A
  1. Relief for the unemployed; intermediate assistance
  2. Recovery, plans for economy
  3. Reforms to prevent depression
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20
Q

Emergency Banking Relief Act (Bank Holiday)

A

Problem- Bank runs caused approx. 11,000 banks to fall by 1933. The public lost confidence in the banks.
Did- Closed all banks for 8 days and required that a federal audit of each banks books to verify if they were sound. FDR announced that only sound banks would reopen

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21
Q

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

A

Problem- Immediately provide work, 250,000 young men
Did- Re-creation or conservation projects, Planting trees, reservoirs, fires, etc.

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22
Q

TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

A

Problem- Underdevelopment of south, High unemployment
Did- Built 30 dams and power plants in 9 states, River to provide electricity and food, modern farming techniques

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23
Q

NIRA (National Industry Recovery Act)

A

Problems- Overproduction, Factory closings, Low wages
Solution- Regulate industry, Create scarcity of products, higher prices, Higher wages, Higher profits

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24
Q

PWA (Public Works Administration)

A

Problems- Unemployment
Solution- Construction projects, Highways, dams, bridges, sewer, etc.,Required to hire African Americans

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25
Q

AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)

A

Problems- Farming overproduction, Low demand
Solution- Farmers received subsided in exchange for limiting production, 7 basic farm products: Wheat, cotton, corn, tobaccos, rice, hogs, and milk

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26
Q

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corps)

A

Problems- Bank runs
Solution- Depositors savings, The government insures your savings

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27
Q

FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Act)

A

Problems- Unemployment, lack of money
Solution- Giving help to large number of jobless Americans, Direct relief payments

28
Q

HOLC (Home Owners Loan Corp)

A

Problems- Foreclosure, losing home or farm
Solution- Refinancing homes, Long term loans, Lower payments

29
Q

FHA (Federal Housing Administration)

A

Problems- Hooverville’s, Cant afford housing
Solution- Provided loans for renovating, repairing, or building

30
Q

SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)

A

Problems- Stock market crash
Solution- Enforce new regulations on stock market, Protect investors from fraud and deception

31
Q

WPA (Works Progress Administration)

A

Problems- Unemployment
Solution- Work relief programs, Manual construction, intellectual projects, projects for specific talents

32
Q

NLRA (National Labor Relations Act)

A

Problems- Labor disputes
Solution- Protected workers rights, No fear of punishment, Legalized collective strikes, Put federal gov’t in the mix to help labor relations

33
Q

SSA (Social Security Act/Administration)

A

Problems- Widespread poverty among senior citizens
Solution- Pensions for retired people, Unemployment insurance to be funded by employers, Public assistance program for dependent mothers and disabled people

34
Q

REA (Rural Electrification Administration)

A

Problems- Supply electricity to rural communities
Solution- 2nd deal program
98% of American farms provided with electricity

35
Q

FSA (Farm Security Administration)

A

Problems- Dust bowl
Solution- Helped purchase land, Camps for migrant workers

36
Q

FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act)

A

Problems- Labor disputes (low wage), long hours
Solution- Helped get higher wages, Max:40 hours/week, Abolished child labor

37
Q

Critic

A

Unfavorable opinion

38
Q

After 2 years of the New Deal, how many were still unemployed?

A

10 million people were still unemployed

39
Q

Where was Huey Long from? Nickname?

A

Louisiana
Nickname: Kingfish

40
Q

Name of Huey’s program

A

Share our wealth

41
Q

Goals of share our wealth

A

$5,000 for a house annual income of 2,500

42
Q

Redistribution of Wealth

A

Put heavy taxes on the rich and use the money to give to the poor

43
Q

How much tax would Huey put on income over 1 mill a year?

A

100% tax on income

44
Q

Huey Long’s song called what?

A

Every Man a King

45
Q

What happened the Huey Long?

A

He got assassinated

46
Q

What method did Father Charles Coughlin use to get his message across?

A

Radio

47
Q

Where was Father Coughlin from and what was his nickname?

A

Originally from Canada and moved to Detroit Michigan
Nickname: Radio priest

48
Q

How many weekly listeners did he have?

A

45 million

49
Q

Coughlin wanted to curb the power of nation’s ___ and have a government takeover of major _

A

Banks
Industries

50
Q

Eventually, Charles Coughlin became very radical in his radio speeches nd lost popularity when he endorsed _.

A

Adolf Hitler
The Catholic Church ordered him to stop all political activities and banned him from the radio

51
Q

Francis Townsend was a _ who lost everything in the Great Depression.

A

Doctor

52
Q

What were the demands of Francis Townsend and his followers?

A

A pension of $200 per month provided by taxes

53
Q

New Deal was not doing enough for who?

A

Elderly

54
Q

Where would the old age pension come from?

A

Taxes

55
Q

What were 2 conditions of receiving the money?

A
  1. Retire at 60/be retired
  2. Spend it within a month
56
Q

4 beliefs of the American Liberty League and conservations

A
  1. Favored lower taxes and lower debt
  2. Believed Federal gov’t was spending too much
  3. Believed Roosevelt was gaining too much power
  4. Accused the New Deal of leading to socialism
57
Q

Who won the election of 1936?

A

FDR

58
Q

Incumbent

A

The holder of an office or post who’s going to run again.

59
Q

Court-packing plan

A

Allow FDR to appoint 6 new deal justices to the supreme court who he hoped would “rubber stamp” all of his new deal programs

60
Q

Results of court-packing plan

A

20-70
Unfairly trying to control the supreme court
FDR lost popularity

61
Q

Was the New Deal promise of Relief, Recovery, and Reform met?

A

Relief- yes, helped millions from the gov’t, money or jobs
Recovery- No, unemployed was high, stock market wasn’t recovering
Reform- Somewhat, New Deal could really work or fell flat

62
Q

How did the New Deal change the role of government?

A

The federal government assumed responsibility for managing the economy.

63
Q

How did the New Deal change the relationship between the American people and their government forever?

A

The federal government changed because they began to help citizens regularly. For how much they helped, they were both praised and hated.

64
Q

How does this affect the American Dream?

A

People began to loose hope in the American Dream.

65
Q

How did the New Deal come to an end?

A

Lost support due to the Court-packing plan
2 million more jobs were lost, stock market took a dip.
1938 midterm elections-republicans in both houses
New Deal ended in 1938
Americans turned their attention to WW2 factories reopened

History 10 (9 decks)

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