The Decade of the 1950s Flashcards
Eisenhower Facts
-U.S president for 2 terms
-Nicknamed “Ike”
-Married Mamie Doud
-Popular president
K1C2
Korea first, Communism and Corruption second
Who won the election of 1952?
Dwight Eisenhower
Who became VP in 1952?
Richard Nixon
22nd amendment
“No person shall be elected to the office of president more than twice.”
Who was Eisenhower up against in the Election of 1952?
Adlai Stevenson
Who was the secretary of state in 1952?
John Foster Dulles
Brinkmanship
The practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits, but not starting anything
Compare contract Brinkmanship and containment
Brinkmanship creates conflict while containment does not
Massive Retaliation
Retaliate in much greater force in the event of an attack
CIA
Central Intelligence Agency
When was the CIA started
Sept. 18, 1947
What is the purpose of the CIA?
Collects, evaluates vital information
Covert Operations
Military or police operation involving a convert agent acting under an assumed cover to conceal the party responsible
Who became the new USSR leader?
Nikita Khrushehev
Warsaw Pact
A political and military alliance between the soviet union and many other countries
Year the Warsaw Pact was established
May 14, 1955
Geneva Summit
2 leaders seeking a new agreement on Berlin meeting of the heads of the gov’t
Flying over each others countries, so they know they wouldn’t attack, rejected
U-2 incident
American U-2 plane was shot down
piloted by Francis Powers
Exchanged for Russia’s spy
What happened to Vietnam in 1954
Cut in half like North and South Korea
SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
SEATO purpose
Resist Communism, U.S apart of it
Eisenhower Doctrine
The right of the U.S to help, on request, o any nation in the Middle East trying to resist communism
What 2 regions became states in the 1950s
Alaska, Hawaii
U.S Motto
“In God we Trust”
Federal Civil Defense Administration
Created shelters and evacuates citizens
Booklets
Provided advice on what to do in a nuclear attack
Duck and Cover
Dropping to the ground and covering exposed skin
Air-raid sirens
Makes citizens alerted in case of attack, used in military
Bomb Shelters
Protects people from radioactive dirt and debris
Jonas Salk
Invented a vaccine for Polio
Medicine during the 1950s
Polio vaccine, birth control pill, artificial heart valve, Open-heart by-pass surgery, organ transplant
Communication in the 1950s
TV, transistor, computers, mobile phone, internet
Nuclear energy in the 1950s
Atomic weapons, nuclear power plants
Transportation in the 1950s
Passenger jets, catalytic converters in cars
Impact on politics from TV
Impact voted and elections
Impact on advertising from TV
1-2 min, products
Impact on leisure activity from TV
Sat in front of “the tube” for hours
Impact on children from TV
Violence, lack of exercise
Baby Boom
Dramatic rise in the birthrate
1946-1964
Consumerism
The protection or promotion of the interests of consumers
Materialism
Self-improvement was all that matters and that a person should enjoy themselves
Hydrogen Bomb
Nuclear device, fusing together hydrogen atoms
When did the U.S explode the H-bomb
Nov. 1, 1952
where was the H-bomb tested
Eniwetok atoll, Marshall Islands
When did the soviets explode an H-bomb
Aug. 1953
Nickname of H-bomb
Mike
Arms race
An international contest between countries seeking a military advantage over each other
Space race
The competition between nations regarding achievements in the field of space exploration
Eisenhower’s military strategy
Massive retaliation/brinkmanship
Sputnik
A satellite-an object that orbits around the Earth, size of a basketball, 200 lbs
When was Sputnik 2 launched
Oct. 1957
Why did Sputnik cause concern to U.S
Surpasses American scientists which meant that they could have better weapons
NASA
national Aeronautics and space Administration
When was NASA formed?
July 1958
What did the National defense Education Act provide?
Provided hundreds of millions of dollars for education in the U.S
Nuclear Fallout
Streams of radioactive particles produced by nuclear explosions
Levittown
1st mass-produced suburban community, cookie cutter home
William Levitt
Navy ww2 veteran, build affordable housing for everyone
Alfred Levitt
Created new community
Social & Political effects of suburbs
Cities were poor, black, & democratic
conditions declined, low employment
Suburbs were usually white, middle class
1/3 of the U.S lived in the suburbs
Automation
using self-regulating electronic machines to run complex industrial operations
“Sameness”
- Led to self decline in the need of blue collar workers
- white-collar professionals, profited
- Rise of R & D departments
Interstate Highway Act
Multi-lane highways
Could move across the country
Has military purpose too
Rust belt
Steel producing regions w/ aging factors & declining industry, Northeast & Midwest
Sun belt
Steel producing regions w/ aging factors & declining industry, South & Southwest
Homogeneous Nation
Traveling people
Teen Rules 1
Obey authority
Teen Rules 2
Control your emotions
Teen Rules 3
Fit in with the group
Teen Rules 4
Conform to the norms of society
Teen Rules 5
Don’t even think about sex
Woman’s role
Cook, married, cared for family, entertained guests
