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European History > World War 1 > Flashcards

World War 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Central Powers

A

Germany and Austria-Hungary

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2
Q

Triple Entente

A

Britain, France, and Russia

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3
Q

Militarism

A

Promoting war and making it seem great, even though it’s not

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4
Q

Arms race

A

Britain and Germany were both building up great navies

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5
Q

Alsace and Lorraine

A

Land France wanted from Germany

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6
Q

Pan-Slavism

A

Desire to create country for the Slavs

Russia = “natural leader” of the Slavs

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7
Q

Francis Ferdinand

A

Arch duke of Austria
Assassinated by Black Hand (Serbia)
Assassination ignited the powder keg

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8
Q

Gabriela Princip

A

Person who physically shot Arch duke + wife

Part of Black Hand

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9
Q

Ultimatum

A

Final set of demands

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10
Q

Mobilize

A

Prepare military forces for a war

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11
Q

Neutrality

A

Supporting neither side during a war

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12
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

German plan of attack for war: defeat France quickly first and then turn around to defeat Russia

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13
Q

Stalemate

A

Deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other

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14
Q

Zeppelin

A

Large gas-filled balloons for transport

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15
Q

U-boat

A

German submarines

Allies defended using convoys

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16
Q

Convoy

A

Groups of merchant ships protected by warships

Allies used convoys to defend against German U-boats

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17
Q

Verdun

A

11 months
500,000 casualties
French rallying cry: “they shall not pass”

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18
Q

Somme

A

5 months
1 million soldiers killed
ONE MILLION THATS A LOT

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19
Q

Tannenberg

A

City where Russians suffered a disastrous defeat

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20
Q

Ottoman Empire

A

Joined Germany’s side

Had strategic location

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21
Q

Gallipoli

A

The allies sent a massive force of troops to attempt to open up the strait. After 10 months, the Allies finally withdrew from Dardenelles

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22
Q

T. E. Lawrence

A

British colonel who sent to support the Arab revolt

Lead guerilla raids against the Turks, dynamiting bridges and supply trains

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23
Q

Total war

A

War in which everyone’s lives were directly affected in some way

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24
Q

Conscription

A

“The draft” which required all young men to be ready for military or other service

25
Q

Contraband

A

Supplies during wartime (sometimes illegal)

Contraband could not reach Russia

26
Q

Lusitania

A

British liner torpedoed by German submarine

27
Q

Propaganda

A

The spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or hurting a cause

28
Q

Atrocities

A

??? He taught us nothing

29
Q

Shell-shock

A

Shell landing nearby that caused a concussion that shattered a man’s eardrums
PTSD

30
Q

Cooties

A

Lice in the trenches

31
Q

Trench warfare

A

Building trenches to fight

32
Q

Russian revolution

A

Russians overthrew their government

33
Q

Brest-Litovsk

A

Treaty between Germany and Russia that allowed Russia to lave war to deal with their revolution

34
Q

Zimmerman Note

A

Proposed alliance between Germany and Mexico should the US get knocked in WWI

35
Q

14 points

A

Woodrow wilson’s plan for ending the war

36
Q

Self-determination

A

The ability to chose ones political status

Was granted to Slavs, but not Africans and Asians

37
Q

Armistice

A

A cease-fire

Signed on Veterans Day, on 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month

38
Q

Pandemic

A

Spread of a disease across a country/continent

39
Q

Reparations

A

Payment for damages

Britain and France wanted this from Germany

40
Q

Collective security

A

System in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all

41
Q

Big Three

A

Woodrow Wilson - US president (peace)
David Lloyd George - Britain prime minister (punish Germany)
Georges Clemenceau - French prime minister (weaken germany)

42
Q

Vittorio of Orlando

A

From Italy

At Paris Peace Conference but not major part of Big Three

43
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Created treaty that ended WWI

44
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Officially ended war in 1919

Worst document to end war

45
Q

Mandates

A

Different name for Germany’s colonies taken by Britain and France

46
Q

League of Nations

A

Worldwide peacekeeping organization in which all countries would work together to prevent a war

47
Q

Name calling

A

Use of names that everyone ie dear or hated in the viewer, links a person of idea to a negative symbol

48
Q

Bandwagon

A

Persuade by taking course of action “everyone else is taking”
Join the crowd/winning side

49
Q

Plain Folks

A

Use of everyday people to sell something

Speakers and ads appear to make the person “one of the people”

50
Q

Transfer

A

Act of relating product to something no we like or find attractive

51
Q

Glittering Generalities

A

Referring to words or ideas that evoke a positive emotional response from an audience, but by themselves are meaningless

52
Q

Testimonial

A

Use of well-known respected people or celebrities to endorse a product or service

53
Q

Card stacking

A

Showing the products best features while telling half-truths, and omitting or lying ab t its potential problems

54
Q

Describe long-term causes of WWI. What was the spark that set it off?

A

France wanted Alsace-Lorraine serbs want to create country but they can’t because of Austria
Ware was glorified and Germany and Britain were building up big armies, leading them to want to attack quickly
Alliances involve several countries
France and Germany argued over Morocco, making Britain and France close friends

55
Q

What role did geography play in the outbreak of WWI?

A

Germany was being attacked from both sides (by France and Russia) and because of this, they had to make the Schlieffen plan, which ultimately failed. Later on in the war, the key position of the Ottoman Empire would block contraband from entering Russia

56
Q

Explain when and why each country joined the allies and central powers

A

The original conflict is between Serbia and Austria-Hungary. A-H calls Germany asking for support, and Serbia does the same with Russia. France came next, and they supported Russia in the same way. Germany declares war on France, and they invade Belgium, a neutral country. This infuriates Britain, who is next to join the Allies. The Ottoman Empire joins the Central Powers 1914, Bulgaria declares war on Serbia in 1915, and the US gets involved in 1917 because they wanted to help their fellow democracies, the Zimmerman Note, and the Lusitania sinking. In between then many more countries join the Allies, these are just the highlights.

57
Q

What were the human, economic, and political costs of the war?

A

8.5 million killed
Allies wanted reparations, which were very costly
Some countries weren’t happy with what they got, for example Italy want happy with their small piece of land and would later become allies with Germany because of this

58
Q

What countries were dissatisfied with the treaty? Why? Why does this matter?

A

Germany was punished too harshly, Italy did not gain land in A-H, Japan did not expand into China, Russia didn’t get anything from treaty, and US forced to compromise greatly on treaty
This would lead to WWII and create Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, Italy) and US and Russia not want to join WWII

European History (7 decks)

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