World War 1 Flashcards
Why did war break out in Europe? (5)
- Imperialism
- Militarism
- Nationalism
- Alliance Systems( countries were ganging up)
- Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand
When did war break out?
1914
What were the two sides of the war?
Allied and Central Powers
Allied Powers France Great Britain Italy Russia(Czar) 14 other small countries
Central Powers Germany Hungary Ottoman Empire- Austria 2 other countries
What were the 10 new technologies used during world war 1?
- U boats
- Machine guns/ automatic weapons
- Gas masks
- Tanks- armored vehicles
- Airplanes- biplanes
- Modern battle ships
- Poisonous gas (chemical/biological weapons
- Larger artillery (cannons)
- Land mines
- Grenades- hand held explosives
What is a stalemate?
When neither side makes a move
What is no-mans land?
The place in between the two sides in the open
What is in no-mans land?
Mines, barbed wire, bodies
How long had the war been going on before the U.S. Got involved?
3 years
What were the 3 reasons the U.S. Entered the war?
- Unrestricted U-boat warfare
- Zimmerman Telegram
- Russian Revolution
What are pacifists?
People who are against the war
Believe in peace
When does the U.S. declare war?
April 2,1917 President Wilson asks congress to go to war against the central powers
What was life like in the trenches?(11)
- Trench fever
- Rats
- Trench foot
- Wet
- Lice-insects
- Smells
- Muddy
- There for 2 weeks-1 month
- Hungry
- cold winters
- Hot summers
When was the Selective Service Act enacted?
May 18, 1917
What is the Selective Service Act?
All men ages 21-30 had to register for the draft
Many men joined voluntarily bc they though it was their patriotic duty
What is bureaucracy?
A system run by the government
What was Europe like when the U.S. Entered the war?
Europe had already lost millions of soldiers
The continent was in ruins and many civilians were homeless/starving
What did Russia do soon after the U.S. entered the war?
They withdrew form the war and made their own separate peace
Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Liusk
What did the treaty of Brest-liusk do?
Germany received a lot of Russia’s land and natural resources
What did J. Pershing do?
- Led U.S. forces in Europe
2. Within one year more than 1 million american soldiers were in Europe
What was J. Pershing’s strategy?
The U.S. would act as its own units independently
This would guarantee that the U.S. would play a larger role when it was time to come up with a peace treaty
What was unrestricted U boat warfare? (3)
- Germany hoped that cutting off supplies going to Britain would help them win the war
- They sunk the Lusitania
- Germany began attacking U.S. Merchant ships regularly
What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
- Britain intercepted a telegram message sent form Germany’s foreign minister to Mexico
- It urged Mexico to join the war on Germany’s side.
- In return Germany promised to help Mexico re conquer New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona
What was the Russian Revolution?(3)
- Russia had been ruled by tsar (dictator) who had been a tyrant
- Russian people rose up and overthrew the government
- The U.S. Thought it would then be joining sides with other democracies to fight tyranny.
Who was the leader of Russia?
Tsar
