Asia Flashcards

1
Q

As Genghis khan grew up, what did he acquire a reputation for?

A

He had a reputation for fierceness

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2
Q

What made the Mongol empire so successful?

A

They had some of the most skilled horsemen in the world on their highly trained mobile army

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3
Q

How could Genghis be both fierce and generous?

A

He could order the massacre of an entire city or reward the bravery of a single fighter

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4
Q

How did the Mongols deal with attacking the walled cities of China?

A

They used cannons and other weapons and they launched missals

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5
Q

How did Mongols treat conquered people’s?

A

They allowed them to live as they had before as long as they regularly paid tribute to the Mongols

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6
Q

Why was trade so successful in Eurasia during Mongol rule?

A

Mongols protected trade on the Silk Road

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7
Q

What are two ways that kublai khan tried to keep Mongols from being absorbed into Chinese culture?

A

1) only Mongols could serve in the military

2) reserved the highest government jobs for Mongols or for other non Chinese officials who he employed

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8
Q

How did Marco Polo view the Chinese?

A

He left a vivid account of the wealth and splendor of China

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9
Q

What Chinese products made there way to China?

A

Gun powder, porcelain, and playing cards

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10
Q

How did the Ming dynasty reassert Chinese greatness in government?

A

Restored the civil service and bureaucracy

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11
Q

How did the Ming dynasty reassert Chinese greatness in economics?

A

Reshaped landscape, built terraces into hillsides, and had a canal system

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12
Q

What was Zheng He’s goal?

A

To promote trade and collect tribute for on lesser powers across western seas

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13
Q

What did the voyages show about Chinese civilizations?

A

Showed local rulers the power and the strength of the Chinese empire

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14
Q

What happened when Zheng He died?

A

The Ming empower banned the building of seagoing ships and later forbid two mast ships. They also stopped exploring

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15
Q

Why did China end their overseas exploration?

A

1) fleets were costly and did not produce profit

2) Confucian scholars at court had little interest in overseas ventures and commerce

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16
Q

What did the stir up give Mongol warriors?

A

It allowed them to be steadier which made them more accurate in shooting while mounted

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17
Q

What did the combined technology of the composite bow and stir up enable Mongols to do?

A

It allowed the Mongols to be steadier and shoot further distances

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18
Q

What was one change that resulted from the interaction between Europeans and Mongols?

A

The Mongols taught new ways of making war and proved the effectiveness of gun powder to European enemies

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19
Q

What effect did the Mongols have on the European view of the world?

A

Europeans realized that they had to deal with and relate to non Christian world with its many different peoples, religions, and cultures

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20
Q

What time period was the Tang Dynasty?

A

618-907

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21
Q

What ideas did the Tang Dynasty bring back?

A

Brought back Confucian ideas, rebuilt bureaucracy and enlarged civil service

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22
Q

What was he Tang Dynasty considered?

A

A golden age

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23
Q

What leaded to the demise of the Tang Dynasty?

A

Corruption, high taxes, drought, famine, and rebellions

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24
Q

What happened to learning and art during the TD?

A

It flourished

25
Q

What systems were instituted during the TD?

A

Restored the Han dynasty and instituted a system of land reform

26
Q

What time period was the Song Dynasty?

A

960- 1279

27
Q

What did the song do with crops?

A

2 crops per year, rice and cash crop

28
Q

What did the song face?

A

Constant threat of invaders

29
Q

Who controlled more territory? The song or the tang?

A

Tang

30
Q

What kind of military did the song have?

A

A strong military

31
Q

What was an achievement of he song?

A

Paper money

32
Q

Why did Chinese economy expand during the Song Dynasty?

A

Improved farming and an open border policy

33
Q

Who overthrew the song?

A

Mongols

34
Q

Where is Korea?

A

Korea juts out form China towards Japan

35
Q

What did Korea receive?

A

Korea received many cultural and technological influences form China

36
Q

What did Korea serve as?

A

Korea served as a cultural bridge connecting China and Japan

37
Q

What is archipelago?

A

A chain of islands

38
Q

What are Japan’s four main islands?

A

1) Hokkaido
2) Horishu
3) Kyushu
4) Shikoku

39
Q

What is Japan?

A

Argent isolated from outside influence

40
Q

What did early civilizations live off of?

A

Hunting, fishing, and gathering until rice farming began

41
Q

When does Gil civilization develop?

A

6th century

42
Q

What is Shintoism based on?

A

The worship of nature

43
Q

What is the Yamato clan?

A

Powerful warrior family that has ruled Japan in one way or another since 500 AD

44
Q

How does Buddhism reach Japan?

A

By way of Korea

45
Q

What Chinese style does Japan have?

A

Merit based civil services

46
Q

What Chinese stuff takes hold in Japan?

A

Chinese literature, poetry, Confucian philosophy, art and architecture, law, ideas of taxes and roads

47
Q

What is the Heian period?

A

Japan gradually stops imitating China and develops its own unique culture

48
Q

What did emperor kammu seek to combine?

A

Shintoism and Buddhism

49
Q

What was the new Japanese alphabet?

A

Kana was simplified Chinese characters

50
Q

What were the two most classic Japanese books?

A

Lady Sei shonagon’s pillow book and lady muraski’s tale of gengi

51
Q

What was the Japanese feudal system?

A
Top: emperor
Shogun: actual ruler
Daimyo: large landowners 
Samurai: warriors loyal to daimyo 
Bottom: peasants, merchants, and artisans
52
Q

What is bus judo? The way of the warrior?

A

The way of the warrior , it was he code of the samurai

53
Q

What did bushido highlight?

A

Honor, bravery, and absolute loyalty to ones lord

54
Q

What do the samurai in Japan equal?

A

The knights in medieval Europe

55
Q

What new religion was practiced?

A

Zen Buddhism

56
Q

Who ruled from 1603- 1868?

A

Tokugawa shogunate

57
Q

What did the Tokugawas do?

A

They distrusted Europeans and isolated themselves from outside influences, success in internal trade

58
Q

How far did the Mongol empire stretch?

A

Across Asia and into Europe