World Religions Flashcards
Judaism- Book of Genesis
The first book of the Hebrew Bible
Judaism- Torah
The first five books of the Hebrew Bible – the most sacred writings
Judaism- Moses
Claimed by the Torah, he was the man who led the Hebrews out of slavery
Judaism- Abraham
In the Torah, God chose Abraham to be the “father” of the Hebrew people; whom all Jews trace their descent from.
Judaism- Ten Commandments
The basis of Christianity and Judaism. They are encouraged to follow the Ten Commandments to show their faith to god.
Christianity- Jesus
The central figure of Christianity. Was said to be the awaited Messiah
Christianity- apostle
One of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings
Christianity- Pope
The Bishop of Rome, head of the Roman Catholic Church
Christianity- Peter
An apostle, traveled to Rome from Jerusalem and became the Bishop there
Christianity- Paul
An apostle, who never met Jesus, but spread Jesus’s teachings
Christianity- Constantine
Roman Emperor. Fought three rivals for leadership of Rome and won
Islam- Muhammad
A religious, political, and military leader from Mecca who unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam.
Islam- Mosque
And Islamic place of worship
Islam- Allah
God
Islam- Hajj
A pilgrimage to Mecca performed as a duty by Muslims
Islam- 5 pillars
To be a Muslim, all believers have to carry out these five duties:
Faith: “there is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is the messenger of Allah”
Prayer: pray 5 times a day towards Mecca.
Alms: giving alms (money) to the poor.
Fasting: Ramadan.
Pilgrimage: pilgrimage to Mecca.
Buddhism- Siddhartha Gautama
Founder of Buddhism
Buddhism- Nirvana
Buddha’s word or release of selfishness and pain
Buddhism- Four noble truths
1st: Life is filled with suffering and sorrow
2nd: The cause of all suffering is People’s selfish desires
3rd: to end all suffering is to end all desires
4th: The way to end all desires is to follow the Eightfold Path.
Buddhism- Enlightenment
Wisdom, spiritual knowledge
Buddhism- Karma
Good or bad deeds
Hinduism- Brahma
The Creator
Hinduism- Vishnu
The protector
Hinduism- Shiva
The destroyer
Hinduism- Caste System
- Priest and teachers
- Rulers and Warriors
- Laborers
- Peasants and traders
Hinduism- Untouchables
The group of people who were considered the most impure because of their work (butchers, gravediggers, collectors of trash, sewage cleaners) and lived outside the caste structure.
Monotheism
Belief in one God
Koran (Qur’an)
The holy book of Islam
Israel
The Hebrew nation or people. The new Kingdom.
Palestine
A region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. Conquered by the Arabs.
New Testament
The second part of the Christian Bible, recording the life and teachings of Jesus and his earliest followers
Old Testament
Used by Judaism and Christianity: has 39 books compromising of the chief texts of the law, history, prophecy, and wisdom literature of the ancient people of Israel.
