Ancient Greece Flashcards
Oligarchy
A government in which power is in the hands of a few people. especially where rule is based upon wealth
Polis
A Greek city state
Tyrant
A powerful individual who gained control of a city-state’s government by appealing to the poor for support
Helot
a slave bound to the land
Phalanx
A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields
Tragedy
A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character
Aristocracy
A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility
Democracy
A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives
Monarchy
A government in which power is in the hands of a single person
Comedy
A humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satire
Solon
Outlawed slavery and organized the Athenians into social classes
Krater
A large vase used to mix wine and water in Ancient Greece
Agora
A public open space used for assemblies and markets.
Battle of Salamis
Sea battle. Persians vs. Greeks. Greeks lead by Themistocles
Plato
Student of Socrates.
Wrote the book “The Republic.”
Sophocles
Wrote more than 100 plays
Peloponnesian War
War between the Spartans and the Athenians.
Alexander the Great
Son of Philip II. King of Macedonia, conquered Greece, Egypt and Persia.
Cleisthenes
Helped establish democracy
Darius
Persian King during the time of the Battle of Marathon
Sparta
A Greek city-state. Had a strong land army
Caryatid
A stone carving of a drapped female figure
Aristotle
Student of Plato. Taught Alexander the Great
Herodotus
Ancient Greek historian who made up history
Hubris
Excessive pride
Euclid
A Greek mathematician. Made base of geometry
Socrates
encouraged Greeks to go farther and question themselves and their moral character. Put to death by drinking hemlock
Thucydides
Wrote the “Plague in Athens.” Historian, told the real truth
Hoplite
A heavily armed foot soldier of Ancient Greece.
Stoic
Without emotion
Xerxes
Persian leader of the Battle or Thermopylae
Draco
Harsh Athenian leader
Battle of Thermopylae
300 Spartans vs. 10,000 Persians
Philip II of Macedon
Murdered by his wife
Pericles
Athenian leader during the golden age. Died of the plague
Doric
Masculine
Ionic
Feminine
Corinthian
Really fancy
Frieze
A broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, esp. on a wall near the ceiling.
Erechtheum
A marble temple of the Ionic order built on the acropolis in Athens.
Acropolis
A citadel or fortified part of an Ancient Greek city, built on a hill
Parthenon
The temple of Athena Parthenos, built on the acropolis by Pericles to honor their Athena and to commemorate the recent Greek victory over the Persians.
Column
An upright pillar, typically cylindrical and made of stone or concrete
Pediment
The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style,
Entablature
A horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns of a wall
The Republic
Book written by Plato, about his vision of a perfectly governed society.
Arête
A sharp mountain ridge
Tyranny
A cruel government or rule
Athens
A Greek city state with a strong naval army
Persian Wars
Greeks vs. Persian Empire
Draconian
Really harsh
