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World History KAP > World History Test > Flashcards

World History Test Flashcards

1
Q

Amerindian civilizations

A

Olmec, maya, Toltec, Aztec, chavin, Inca

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2
Q

What was mesoamerica composed of

A

Mexico and Central America

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3
Q

We’re where the Olmec located

A

On the hot, humid coasts of the Gulf of Mexico(Yucatán peninsula)
Surrounded by many grasslands, swamps, and rainforests

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4
Q

Why did the Olmec exist

A

Set a later foundation for the maya(it was considered the mother civilization)

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5
Q

What was the Olmec nickname

A

Cult of the jaguar

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6
Q

What did city states do in the Olmec and who was their authority under

A

United for religious celebrations and were under the priest/shaman authority

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7
Q

Characteristics of Olmec city states

A

Had their own languages and customs, social class based on power and wealth, most were farmers

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8
Q

Highest in social class of Olmec

A

Priests and government

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9
Q

Was the Olmec an empire

A

No

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10
Q

Olmecs influence on the maya

A

Production of maize(corn), ceremonial centers with temple pyramids, calendars, number system, and form of writing, human sacrifice

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11
Q

How did the maya start

A

The Olmec becomes the maya

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12
Q

Where is the Maya located?

A

On the Yucatán Peninsula

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13
Q

Was the Maya an empire?

A

No

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14
Q

Was the Maya United politically

A

No

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15
Q

What was the Maya made up of?

A

City states who had its own ruler

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16
Q

What was Maya architecture like?

A

Had towering temples and palaces, priests performed religious ceremonies, and sacrifices, ceremonial platforms, temples

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17
Q

How were the Maya like religiously

A

They were polytheistic and practice human sacrifice

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18
Q

What were the Mayas advances in learning?

A

Created a writing system of hieroglyphics , created a set of numerals, developed a 365 day calendar

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19
Q

What happened to the Maya decline

A

The Maya abandoned many of their cities around 900 CE, there’s a theory that there was a severe drought and many died from starvation others migrated away

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20
Q

What was the Toltec like

A

They had a strict, social hierarchy with warrior aristocracy, strong, warrior class

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21
Q

What were the Toltec like religious?

A

They were polytheistic and did human sacrifice

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22
Q

What type of agriculture did the Toltec use

A

Terrace agriculture

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23
Q

Why did the Toltec civilization decline?

A

Because of many nomadic, invaders and famine

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24
Q

Where are the Aztecs located?

A

They lived in a valley of Mexico in Central Mexico

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25
Q

Was there a link between the Toltec people

A

Yes

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26
Q

How did the Aztecs expand their territory?

A

Through war with surrounding tribes

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27
Q

What was the capital city of the Aztec Empire?

A

Tenochiltan

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28
Q

What is tenochiltan now named in Mexico?

A

Mexico City

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29
Q

How did the Aztecs create an empire?

A

Through conquest, and they conquered many people and local rulers had to pay tribute to the Aztecs

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30
Q

How was an emperor chosen in the Aztec empire

A

By the nobles and priests

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31
Q

What was the Aztec emperor’s main job?

A

To lead in wars

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32
Q

Aztec agriculture

A

Majority people were farmers, grew maze beans, and squash, converted swamp land into farmland, which are known as chinampas

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33
Q

How were the Aztecs like religiously

A

They were polytheistic, they had a god named huitzilopochtli(sun god and god of war) , the Aztecs built, massive temples and pyramids, which were dedicated to their gods

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34
Q

Human sacrifice in the Aztec empire

A

Was a very common practice, in 1487. The Aztecs reported that they sacrificed 84,400 prisoners over the course of four days, they believe that if the sun could rise the next day human sacrifices had to happen.

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35
Q

What happened to the Aztec decline?

A

Spanish conquered led by the Hernan Cortez Conquered tenochtitlan, received help from the tribes surrounding the Aztec, were impacted by European disease diseases like smallpox and measles

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36
Q

Where was the Andean civilization located?

A

In the Andes mountains

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37
Q

What was the nickname of the chavin

A

Andean civilization

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38
Q

Why was maze an important crop?

A

Maze was needed to support its large population

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39
Q

What did the Inca control?

A

An empire in the Andes mountains region of South America

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40
Q

Who is the emperor of the Inca empire?

A

Sapa Inca

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41
Q

What did the emperor of the Inca government claim to be?

A

The son of the sun

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42
Q

Did Sapa Inca have absolute power?

A

Yes

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43
Q

Where was the capital of the Inca Empire and how was it divided?

A

The empire was divided into four regions with the capital at Cuzco

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44
Q

How did the Inca unite the empire?

A

They built a massive road network through mountains and across rivers and gorges

45
Q

How was stonework used in the Inca empire

A

Constructed stone temples without using mortar

46
Q

What type of farming did the Inca do

A

Terrace farming and their main product was potatoes

47
Q

What did the government control of the Inca empire?

A

Trade and collected taxes

48
Q

What was the Inca empire Rich in?

A

Silver and gold mines

49
Q

How was the Inca Empire religiously

A

They were polytheistic and their primary God was inti(the sun, God)

50
Q

What did the Inca believe in?

A

Reincarnation and the practice of cranial deformation

51
Q

What was cranial deformation?

A

The wrapping of a tight cloth around the heads of newborns to alter their shape of their soft skulls into a cone like shape, most likely for social status

52
Q

How was the Inca Society like?

A

Each family was assigned a specific job, government officials, arranged marriages

53
Q

What was the Mita system?

A

Government organize mandatory public services and building projects

54
Q

What happened to the decline of the Inca?

A

The Spanish conquistadors landed by Francisco Pizarro brought about the fall of the Inca empire

55
Q

What was the the Quipu

A

A system used for records and can be used as necklaces

56
Q

What does Incas mean?

A

The people of the sun

57
Q

What did pachacuti mean

A

The transform or breaker of the world

58
Q

What was the role of women in the Aztec empire

A

Many women were able to weave, this made many men have many wives because they could pay more tribute

59
Q

What did chinampas do

A

Increase the amount of fruit production and space to farm

60
Q

What was the capital of the Toltec

A

Tula

61
Q

How was social status determined in the Maya

A

By the woman’s side of the family

62
Q

What were priests seen as in the Maya civilization

A

Healers who could heal people

63
Q

What was the practice of the Maya people?

A

Animism

64
Q

How did the chavin expressed that they were very religious?

A

By the art they created in systems they use for the economy to flourish

65
Q

Who brought diseases to the new world?

A

Christopher Columbus and his crew

66
Q

What was the cause of many indigenous peoples death?

A

Diseases such as small pox and measles

67
Q

What was one of h the most important crops

A

Maize(corn)

68
Q

Why were potatoes important

A

Cause they could survive in cold weathers

69
Q

What was the potatoe famine

A

Mass starvation in Ireland and population dropped 20 to 25 percent

70
Q

What did horses do?

A

Changed the way people hunted

71
Q

Why were pigs important

A

They reproduce fast and we’re able to serve as a food source

72
Q

What animals did indigenous people domesticate

A

Dogs and llamas

73
Q

Why were animals important?

A

Introduced the whole new form of transportation

74
Q

Language of the Inca

A

Quechua

75
Q

Language of the Olmec

A

Mixe-Zoguean

76
Q

What language of the Maya speak?

A

Tsotsil, Mam, K’iche’

77
Q

Language of the Toltec

A

Nahuatl

78
Q

Language of the Aztec

A

Nahuatl

79
Q

What were the three Gs?

A

God glory and gold

80
Q

Factors that encouraged exploration

A

Merchants and traders thought they could benefit from trade

81
Q

What was the Caravel?

A

It was a very large ship

82
Q

Mercantilism in the east

A

Muslim sold Asian goods to Italian and Italians sold items and increased prices to merchants

83
Q

What did Prince Henry want to do?

A

He wanted to bring the treasures of the east back to Portugal

84
Q

What did bartolomeu dias do

A

Sailed the southern tip of Africa

85
Q

Vasco de gama

A

Reach the south western coast of India, where the portrait explorers filled their ships with spices and regular silk, he also made a direct route to India

86
Q

What did Christopher Columbus do to convince Spain?

A

To support him in finding a route to Asia by selling West

87
Q

What did Spain think of Columbus and believe?

A

That he reached Asia

88
Q

When did Spain and Portugal tensions end?

A

After Pope Alexander VI came up with a treaty of tordesillas

89
Q

What was the line of demarcation?

A

West- Spain east- Portugal

90
Q

Who owned the largest fleet of ships in the world?

A

The Dutch

91
Q

What country did Christopher Columbus believe he landed on

A

The East Indies

92
Q

What was Columbus main interest?

A

Gold

93
Q

What were Spanish explorers and Cortez known as?

A

Conquistadors

94
Q

What was the economy system?

A

Under the system native farmed for Spanish landlords, and most died to diseases

95
Q

What was the high demand in Europe?

A

Sugar

96
Q

What replaced the economy system?

A

The use of enslaved Africans in the triangular trade

97
Q

What is nationalism?

A

Loyal to the king of their colony

98
Q

Who became one of the wealthiest and most powerful nations in the world

A

Spain

99
Q

What are two examples of countries that used capitalism

A

England and Netherlands

100
Q

What were the big three

A

Spain, France, and England

101
Q

What was the middle passage?

A

The portion of the triangular trade from West Africa to the west Indies, that transported enslaved Africans

102
Q

Who ruled the yuan Dynasty

A

The mongols

103
Q

Where is the Ming’s Dynasty capital at

A

Beijing, this is where the forbidden city is

104
Q

Ming restoration

A

Confucianism revived, civil service exams, rebuilt, and expanded the Great Wall of China

105
Q

Who were allowed in the interior of China to trade?

A

The Dutch and Portuguese

106
Q

How many explorations did Zheng he have?

A

Seven

107
Q

What kind of exotic animals Zheng he bring back

A

Giraffes and zebras

108
Q

End of the Ming expeditions

A

Stopped with the death of Zheng he, was too expensive and weakened the nation

109
Q

Fall of the Ming Dynasty

A

Series of we corrupt emperors, overextended their territory, and couldn’t control it, Manchus over through the Ming, they established the Qing dynasty

World History KAP (8 decks)

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