Workshop 5: Brain stem Flashcards
1
Q
The brainstem: 3 major parts
A
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla oblongata
(in evolutionary terms, the brainstem is the oldest part)
2
Q
What subdivision is the midbrain in?
A
Mesencephalon
3
Q
What subdivision is the pons in?
A
Metencephalon
4
Q
What subdivision is the medulla oblogata in?
A
Myelencephalon
5
Q
How many of 12 cranial nerves join the CNS at the brain stem?
A
10
6
Q
Midbrain (mesencephalon) (2 main parts)
A
- tectum
- tegmentum
7
Q
Mesencephalon: Tectum function
A
Dorsal part of mesencephalon
Auditory and visual system
8
Q
Mesencephalon: Tegmentum role
A
○ Rostral end of reticular formation
Sleep, arousal, muscle tone, movement & vital reflexes
9
Q
Reticular formation (net-like structure)
A
○ Interconnection of nuclei and neurones
○ Runs through the core of the brain stem ○ Receives and integrates input from all regions of the CNS
Only part of the brain essential to life!
10
Q
Metencephalon: Pons
A
- Latin for bridge
- Connection between cerebrum & cerebellum
- (Coordinates/ regulates movement)
- Origin of 4 cranial nerves
Core has a reticular formation
11
Q
Myelencephalon: Medulla oblongata
A
- “oblong marrow”
- Most caudal (back) part of the brain stem
- Terminal of the brain stem (connect to spinal cord)
- Conduit of nerve tracts
- Center for vital functions, e.g. heart rate, blood pressure & breathing
Nuclei of the four inferior cranial nerves
