Workshop 3: Ethnicity And Treaty Of Waitangi Flashcards
What are the three ways to report ethnicity coding?
Prioritised output
Total response output
Sole/combination output
How many code levels are there and what are their digits?
4 levels: Level 1: 1 digit Level 2: 2 digits Level 3: 3 digits Level 4: 5 digits
What are prioritised outputs?
Each respondent is allocated to a single ethnic group, frequently used by MoH and health and disability sector
Pros of prioritised outputs?
Data is easy to work with
Sum of ethnic group population is the total NZ population
They have a small size so they are not swamped by NZ European ethnic groups (so gets data of ethnic groups of policy importance)
Cons of prioritised output?
Places people in specific ethnic groups and could cause bias
Over represents some groups at the expense of others (e.g Maori over Pacific Islanders)
Goes against self identification principle
What is total response output?
Individuals who indicate more than one ethnic group will be counted more than once
Census uses this output method
Pros of total response output?
Represents all people who identify with any given ethnic group
Does not change the response people give
Cons of total response output?
The sum of ethnic group population “counts” exceed total NZ population
Difficulty in distribution of funding based on population numbers
Difficulties in monitoring changes in ethnic composition of a population
What is sole/combination output?
9+ groups
Recommended by SNZ
Combined ethnic groups
Pros of sole/combination output?
Does not change people’s responses and reflects population diversity
Actual population size
Most flexible approach as both others can be derived from it
Cons of sole/combination output?
New and untried
Will fail to include some ethnicity combinations
Maori may be misidentified (as are most likely to record multiple ethnicities)
Tables can be very large, so managing data is problematic
Risk ratio difference (or relative inequality for total response) written as…
Maori are 2.18 times more likely to be smokers than Europeans or
There are 118% more Maori to be smokers than Europeans
Risk difference (or absolute inequality of total response outputs) written as…
There are 45 more smokers among 100 Maori than among 100 Europeans
What is the minimum level of specificity for ethnicity?
Level 2
What is the concept of ethnicity as defined by Statistics NZ?
A social construct of group affiliation and identity, or “ethnicity is the ethnic group or groups that people identify with it feel they belong to”
What is the definition of ethnicity used by Statistics NZ?
A social group with more than one of the following characteristics:
- Share sense of common origin
- Claim a common or distinctive history and destiny
- Possess one or more dimensions of collective cultural identity
- Feel a sense of unique collective solidarity
Can ethnicity change over time?
Yes
Can people have more than one ethnicity?
Yes
Is ethnicity self perceived?
Yes
What can cause ethnic affiliation to vary?
Wrong questions used
Data collector guesses ethnicity
Person can only identify with one ethnicity
The order of response categories can change the question
Response categories that are supplied are incorrect
What is ancestry?
The people from whom the individual is descended from
What is culture?
A persons way of life
What is race?
Descendants of a common ancestor especially those who inherit a common set of characteristics.
Is race skin colour?
NO! There are no clear cut characteristics, the use of “race” as s social construct has been discredited
What are concepts that relate to ethnicity?
Factors that relate or may influence ethnicity, but are distinct from it, and they don’t determine it
Do children choose ethnicity?
Babies can’t- do parents choose. Kids decide once they’re old enough
(When deceased, next of kin decide)
