Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Population Health > Lecture 18: Neighbourhoods > Flashcards

Lecture 18: Neighbourhoods Flashcards

1
Q

What are other measures of SEP in NZ?

A

Housing (eg tenure)
Culture (accepted patterns)
Population based services and facilities
Social capital (how connected are you?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are upstream examples that are implemented with level 1 and level 2?

A

Fluoridation of water
Green prescription
Taxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a green prescription?

A

A prescription given by a practitioner with cheap access to gyms etc

(So outer level = upstream)
(Implementation = downstream)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is neighbourhood deprivation?

A

A way of measuring people’s relative position in society
Measures material deprivation
Uses a deficit approach (what they don’t have)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define deprivation

A

A state observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or wider society or nation to which an individual, family or group belongs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What variables are included in the NZDEP

A 
Communication (no internet)
Income (x2)
Employment
Qualifications 
Owned home 
Support
Living space
Transport
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are apparently the most deprived/least deprived neighbourhoods?

A

Most: northland, tairawhiti
Least: southern, Nelson-Marlborough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the correct use of NZ census data?

A

Planning and a Resource Allocation
Research
Advocacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the correct/ incorrect phrase describing neighbourhood deprivation?

A

Correct: “people living in the most deprived neighbourhoods”
Incorrect: “the most deprived people…”

Neighbourhood values cannot be ascribed to individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define ecological fallacy

A

The error that arises when information about groups of people is used to make inferences about individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define a healthy environment

A

The physical, social or political setting that prevents disease while enhancing human health and wellbeing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Elements of a healthy environment?

A 
Clean air and water
Appropriate housing
Access to wholesome food
Safe community spaces
Access to transport
Opportunities to incorporate exercise as a part of daily life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Definition of a built environment?

A

All the buildings, spaces and products that are created or at least significantly modified by people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Two categories of the built environment?

A 
Structures (ie home schools, workplaces) 
Urban designs (parks, business areas and roads)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three subtypes of urban design?

A

Above ground: electric transmission lines
Below ground: waste disposal, subway trains
Across land: motorways, transportation network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How could the built environment be measured?

A
  1. Urban density
  2. Land-Use Mix
  3. Street Connectivity
  4. Community Resources
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define urban density

A

Population/employment density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define land-use mix

A

Residential, commercial, industrial, wasteland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Example of street connectivity

A

Lollipop neighbourhoods vs well connected streets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define community resources

A

Access to recreational facilities or healthy foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Examples of community resource accessibility (36 facilities representing 6 domains)

A
  1. Recreational (eg parks)
  2. Public transport
  3. Educational
  4. Shopping facilities
  5. Health
  6. Social
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does housing measure socioeconomic position?

A

Tenure (whether private or social rented) - is problematic as many houses are owned by family trusts
Conditions: overcrowding, insulation, damp, mould etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the NZdep2913 communications variable?

A

People aged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the two income variables (NZ Dep2013)?

A
  1. People age 18-64 receiving a means tested benefit

2. People living in equalised households with income below a threshold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the NZdep2013 employment variable?

A

People aged 18-64 unemployed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the NZDep2013 qualifications variable?

A

People aged 18-64 without any qualifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the NZDep2013 variable owned home?

A

People not living at home

28
Q

What is the NZdep2013 support variable?

A

People aged

29
Q

What is the NZdep2013 living space variable?

A

People living in equivalised households below a bedroom occupancy threshold

30
Q

What is the NZdep2013 transport variable?

A

People with no access to a car

31
Q

What is equivalisation?

A

A method used to control for household composition

32
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of the concept “interconnectivity of roads”?

A

Street network characteristics and design

33
Q

What is the key feature of interconnectivity of roads?

A

Grid like pattern

34
Q

What is the health related benefits of interconnectivity of roads?

A

Reduces distance between destination

Encourages the use of active transport

35
Q

What is the urban characteristic form of “traffic calming and other street design features”?

A

Street network characteristics and design

36
Q

What are the key features of traffic calming and other street design features?

A

Street width
Cycle lanes
Traffic management
Pedestrian crossings

37
Q

What are the health related benefits of traffic calming and other street design features?

A

Facilities that encourage walking and cycling and discourage driving

38
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of food retail?

A

Land use mix

39
Q

What is the key feature of food retail?

A

Accessible supermarkets and local food stores

40
Q

What are the health related benefits of food retail?

A

Provides a range of nutritious foods at competitive prices

41
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of mix of residential, commercial and business use?

A

Land-use mix

42
Q

What is the key feature of mix of residential, commercial and business use?

A

Different use of land within a given zone

43
Q

What is the health related benefit of mix of residential, commercial and business use?

A

Increase opportunities for active transport

44
Q

What is the urban for characteristic of “public open spaces and physical activity spaces”?

A

Land-use mix

45
Q

What are the key features of “public open spaces and physical activity spaces”?

A

Open spaces in close proximity to residents
Pools
Parks
Playgrounds

46
Q

What are the health related benefits of “public open spaces and physical activity spaces”?

A

Increased opportunity for physical activity

47
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of density (private dwelling/m^2)?

A

Housing density

48
Q

What is are the key features of density (private dwelling/m^2)?

A

Increasing the number of residential and commercial premises in a area

49
Q

What is the health related benefit of density (private dwelling/m^2)?

A

Increases active transport

50
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of food production?

A

Site design

51
Q

What are the key features of food production?

A

Home/community gardens

52
Q

What are the health related benefits of food production?

A

Cheap, fresh produce may also provide educational and mental health benefits

53
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of street aesthetics?

A

Site design

54
Q

What are the key features of street aesthetics?

A

Adequate lighting
Clean parks
Provision of public transport and facilities

55
Q

What are the health related benefits of street aesthetics?

A

Improved safety

Creates an environment that promotes active transport and well being

56
Q

What is the urban form characteristic of “improve/develop public transport systems”?

A

Transport planning

57
Q

What are the key features of improve/develop public transport systems?

A

Bus stops
Cycling facilities
Access to public transport stops

58
Q

What is the health related benefit of improve/develop public transport systems?

A

Increase active transport

59
Q

How many variables are there on the NZDep13?

A

9

60
Q

Where on the Dahlgren and whitehead model do upstream interventions tend to be?

A

Outermost arch

61
Q

Who can interventions target?

A

The individual, the family and community, or the environment

62
Q

Can neighbourhood values be ascribed to individuals?

A

No

63
Q

What sort of environments are chronic diseases, such as CDV or obesity, associated with?

A

Sedentary lifestyles with poor nutrition (aka an unhealthy environment)

64
Q

What measures resources in communities?

A

The community resource accessibility index

65
Q

What do built environments do?

A

Restrict or enable healthy lifestyles

Population Health (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions