Lecture 20: Mapping Variations/Social Justice

Question 1

What does excessive cholesterol do??

Answer 1

Builds up and restricts blood flow

Question 2

How many global deaths is high cholesterol said to cause?

Answer 2

2.6 million

Question 3

Cholesterol and the public health framework: define the problem

Answer 3

In NZ, high cholesterol levels display a social gradient that is apparent by age, gender, ethnicity and SEP

Question 4

Cholesterol and Public health framework: identify risk and protective factors

Answer 4

Maori, Polynesian, Indian 
45+ years
Male
Smoker
Type 2 diabetes
Obese
Previous history of CVD
High deprivation level

Question 5

Cholesterol and Public health framework: develop and test prevention strategies?

Answer 5

• NZ has a set of guidelines to help GPs manage a patient’s risk, according to some determinants of health
• cholesterol screening for people without CVD, monitoring for people with CVD

Question 6

Cholesterol and public health framework: Assure widespread adoption

Answer 6

Epidemiological analyses to ensure that the population are receiving appropriate levels of treatment

Question 7

Which measurements of inequities have no units?

Answer 7

Risk ratio
External quotient

Aka relative measures

Question 8

Which measurements of inequities have units?

Answer 8

Risk difference
Range

Aka absolute measures

Question 9

What is risk ratio?

Answer 9

EGO/CGO

Question 10

What is extremal quotient?

Answer 10

Highest rate/lowest rate

Question 11

What is risk difference?

Answer 11

EGO-CGO

Question 12

What is range?

Answer 12

Highest rate- lowest rate

Question 13

Define the inverse care law

Answer 13

The availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need of the population served