Workshop 3 Emotion and motivation

Question 1

what is emotion?

Answer 1

• brief response state with physiological, subjective and behavioural elements
• emotion inducing stimulus
  -physiologicl arousal
  -subjective experience
  -behavioural expression

Question 2

what is the difference between emotion and mood?

Question 3

what is emotion inducing stimulus?

Answer 3

• often identifiable

Question 4

what happens inside you when having physiological arousal coming from emotion?

Answer 4

-heart rate may increase
-anxiety?
sympathetic nervous system activated
-body preparing itself for threat.
-we evolved in a threatening environment

Question 5

what happens when sympathetic nervous system activates?

Question 6

what happens when the parasympathetic nervous system is activated?

Question 7

what is the flight or fight response?

Question 8

what are the key parts of the brain part of an emotional response?

Answer 8

-thalamus
-hippocampus
-amygdala
hippocampus

Question 9

how do we interpret emotion?

Answer 9

• facial expression and physiological response
  -temprature associated with different emotional responses
  -anger and fear elevates heart rate

Question 10

what is the subjective experience of emotion?

Answer 10

-

Question 11

why do we focus on negative experiences/emotions more than positive ones?

Answer 11

approach orientated behaviour left frontal lobe processing[stay with the experience]
avoidance-orientated behaviour right frontal lobe processing[push people away, be rid of the situation]

Question 12

what’s plucks circumflex model of emotion

Answer 12

-the more intense emotion are less likely to be experienced at the same time[opposite]
-adjacent emotion are similar

Question 13

how are our emotions perceived by others?

Answer 13

• emotion expressed non verbally
  -through facial expressions
  -Paul ekmaan -FACS
  [6 foundamental facial expressions across cultures]

Question 14

given ekmans research - do culture and emotion influence each other?

Answer 14

• there are display rules that are socially learnt and culturally different
  -rules on management of emotional expression[who can show emotion to whom and when they do so]

Question 15

give display rules and example

Answer 15

intensificated = acting overjoyed when mildly please
de-intensification = acting slightly please when overjoyed
simulation = acting happy when indifferent
masking = acting happy when disappointed

Question 16

what is möbius syndrome

Answer 16

rare congenital condition causes facial paralysis

Question 17

whaat are 2 early theories of emotion?

Answer 17

• James - lange [william james =medical doc, ‘founder’ of psychology.
  emotion inducing stimulus->causes behaviour and physiological response->subjective interpretation->conclusion. =emotion
• cannon - bard
  emotion inducing stimulus->’simultaneous response=behaviour and physiological response AND experienced emotion

Question 18

what are sxhacater and singers 2 stage model?1962

Answer 18

groups=one told vitamin other told adrenaline
context =happy/sad

condition a[adrenaline injection][deception vitamin], then happy or sad confederate=either happy or angry=cognitive interpretation=context influences emotion.

condition b[adrenaline][told adrenaline], then happy /sad confederate=no emotioncontext influences emotion.

Question 19

appraisal

Answer 19

-appraise emotion as bad or good according to emotion=schachter-singer

Question 20

what was the bridge study?

Question 21

what are some evolutionary explanations of emotion?

Answer 21

-Jose[h LeDoux’s two circuit model

Question 22

define evolutionary psychology?

Answer 22

• evolutionary psychology seeks to understand the human mind/brain mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective
  -behavioural tendencies are selected for their ability to maximise reproductive success[survival reproduction]

Question 23

what is the broaden and build theory?[fredrickson 2004]

Answer 23

• negative emotions have adaptive, immediate benefits in dangerous survival
  -positiveemotions are important because they broaden an individuals momentary thought, encourages building safe relationships.

Question 24

what is breadth of the. thought-action repertoire by emotion?

Answer 24

• frederickson and branigan 2004
  participants view short emotionally evocative film clips[from negative to positive]
  after video given a list of what they would like to do right in a situation=’thought-action repertoires’=people after pos. vid reportered higher-than neg video.