worksheet blood 1

Question 1

what is function of blood

Answer 1

• transports and delivers elements (oxygen, nutrients, leukocytes)
• removal of carbon dioxide and wast products
• lets body live and grow

Question 2

what is the function of RBCs

Answer 2

delivering oxygen and removing waste

Question 3

what are RBCs red

Answer 3

because of heamoglobin (contains iron, good for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Question 4

what is function of WBCs

Answer 4

fight germs, protect the body
produce antibodies
other time fagocytosis

Question 5

lifespan of RBC

Answer 5

120 days max

Question 6

lifespan WBCs

Answer 6

few days/ few weeks

Question 7

why do we need plasma

Answer 7

transports blood cells/antibodies and platelets

Question 8

what is function of platelets

Answer 8

They form clots to stop bleeding

Question 9

7. What is the typification of blood, into A, B, AB or O, based on

Answer 9

The blood type is determined by the presence of “A” and “B” or no molecules in a red blood cell.

Question 10

How is it determined whether you are A+ or A-

Answer 10

the presence of a protein: the rhesus factor

Question 11

is the rhesus factor important

Answer 11

yes, for blood donation or during pregnancy

Question 12

what is the impact of the rhesus factor on pregnancy

Answer 12

if mother is positive and child isn’t then mother needs treatment to prevent child from getting as ‘haemolytic disease of the newborn”

Question 13

what are the types of blood donation

Answer 13

whole blood donation
plasma donation
platelet donation
autologous donation
directed or designated donation

Question 14

what is whole blood donation

Answer 14

consists of plasma, RBC & WBC and platelets

Question 15

what is plasma donation

Answer 15

plasma is seperated from rest of components (who are returned to donor)

Question 16

what is platelet donation

Answer 16

platelets are seperated rest is returned to donor

Question 17

what is autologous donation

Answer 17

donation of your own blood to yourself

Question 18

what is directed or designated donation

Answer 18

donation to a specific person

Question 19

what is apheresis

Answer 19

a type of blood donation where the whole blood is being removed and separated into individual components with a centrifuge

Question 20

why is apheresis used

Answer 20

if only a particular component is being donated (gets seperated)

what remains is given back to donor

Question 21

what are donor qualifications

Answer 21

18min 70 max
healthy (not sick, cold, flu)
50+kg
normal temperature + blood presure
follow other guidelines

Question 22

What is the interval for donating (whole) blood?

Answer 22

whole blood every 12 weeks
plasma every two weeks.

Question 23

When is a bone marrow transplant necessary

Answer 23

It is necessary to treat diseases such as cancer,
anaemia and
immune deficiency disorders.

Question 24

how does bone marrow transplantation work

Answer 24

1. harvesting
2. conditioning program
3. transplanting

Question 25

how does harvesting work

Answer 25

take bone marrow out
surgery
needle is put in hipbone, marrow is frozen or used directly

Question 26

what is conditioning program

Answer 26

radiation and/or chemotherapy to kill cancer cells
lessens chance rejection new cells
(not needed if transplant is for immune deficiency disorder)

Question 27

wat is transplanting

Answer 27

bone marrow given through IV
bone marrow goes into bones
inside bones it makes more blood cells

Question 28

what is anaemia

Answer 28

less RBCs or heamoglobin than normal

Question 29

what are symptoms of anaemia

Answer 29

• Tiredness
• Becoming easily fatigued
• Appearing pale
• Having a feeling of heart racing
• Shortness of breath

Question 30

what are causes of aneamia

Answer 30

• Decreasing in the amount of red blood cells or haemoglobin.
• Loss or destruction of red blood cells.

Question 31

wat is treatment for aneamia

Answer 31

medication and/or surgery. The treatment varies and depends on cause

Question 32

what is leukemia

Answer 32

cancer of blood or blood-forming cells

Question 33

symptoms of leukemia

Answer 33

• Fevers
• Night sweats
• Swollen lymph nodes that are usually painless
• Tiredness
• Easy bleeding or bruising
• Recurring nosebleeds
• Frequent infections

Question 34

what is treatment for leukemia

Answer 34

chemotherapy.
Some may also have radiation therapy and/or bone marrow transplantation.

Question 35

what is haemophilia

Answer 35

bleeding disorder
dysfunction in the blood clotting. It causes abnormal or exaggerated bleeding and poor blood clotting.

Question 36

what are symptoms of haemophilia

Answer 36

• Excessive bleeding
• Long-term damage to joints from repeated bleeding episodes
• Bleeding from the mouth, the urinary tract, the muscles, and the skull

Question 37

can haemophilia be cured

Answer 37

no cure, but there is a treatment
main treatment: replacement therapy (replacement of the blood clotting factors)

Question 38

how does replacement theraphy work

Answer 38

• The clotting factor concentrates are infused into a vein, much like a blood transfusion.