Working with Intellectual Dissabilities Flashcards
What 3 things do the Department of Health use to define Intellectual Disabilities?
Significant reduced ability to understand new or complex information / reduced ability to cope independently / a condition that started before adulthood
How might you identify an ID?
Via IQ assessment / clinical assessment / at home / at school
What is commonly used to measure IQ?
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - a neuropsychological assessment
Describe the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
Full scale IQ is comprised of verbal IQ and performance IQ / verbal IQ is comprised of verbal comprehension ad working memory / performance IQ is comprised of perceptual organisation and processing speed
What 4 tests can be used in the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale?
Vocabulary tests, digit span, block design and symbol search
What is an average IQ and what is considered below average?
100 and 70
What needs to be considered when measuring IQ?
That it is designed for the individual / constructed on the basis of normal distribution / reliable and valid / based on a multidimensional model of intelligence
How does physical and physiological health care link in with ID?
They are more likely to develop physical and physiological health difficulties but less likely to access clinical services
What 3 things are people with ID more at risk of?
Abuse, social deprivation and an inability to communicate MH feelings
What factors need to be considered when clinically working with someone with an ID?
Assessment of capacity / behaviours which challenge services / MH difficulties / dementia / offending risk / physical health needs /supporting their carers
What needs to be assessed when working with people with ID?
Cognitions / dementia / ASD / service needs / capacity to consent / risk assessment
What is “Behaviour that Challenges”?
Behaviour which may put themselves or others at risk, due to aggression, self-injury or destructive behaviour / it is an appropriate response for them as it is their way of communicating
What is positive behaviour support?
Managing behaviour that challenges / understanding the meaning and context of behaviour
What are the key elements in Positive Behaviour Support?
Functional behavioural analysis / including the stakeholders perspective / use of ecological strategies to meet their needs / supporting strategies to meet the environment / enhancing quality of life
What are the 3 stages in functional analysis?
Antecedent / behaviour / consequence
What are the 4 functions of challenging behaviour?
Social attention / tangibles / escape / sensory
How are behavioural interventions used in Challenging Behaviour?
Address the antecedents / address the consequences / address the function / work via others
How is CBT used in Challenging Behaviour?
All behaviour is a product of an interaction between behaviours, cognitions and emotions
What are some requirements for CBT to be possible with people with ID?
Emotional recognition / naming and reporting emotions / linking a situation and mood / memory / oriented in time and space / sequencing / understanding cause and effect / rating moods and beliefs / recording and writing
How can CBT be modified for people with ID?
Use images and recordings to make notes instead of writing / structure sessions / allow more time / visual homework / engage family and carers
What are the 3 main domains that adaptive functioning occurs in?
Conceptual / social / practical
What are the main types of psychological difficulties that people with ID have to deal with?
Physical impairments = isolation
Vulnerability (housing, unemployment, income, isolation) = anxiety and depression
Stigma = extra pressure
