Fundamentals of CBT Flashcards
What did Beck find out about patients with depression?
They had distorted negative cognitions
How does cognitive therapy work to produce change?
Modifies the patients thinking and beliefs system
How can CT be delivered?
Individually, in groups, couples, to family’s
What are the 3 elements of the cognitive model?
Action –> emotions –> behaviour
What 3 types of the patients beliefs need to be changed in CT?
Their beliefs about themselves, their world and other people
What did Beck find about the thoughts of depressed patients?
Two streams of thinking: free-association and quick evaluative thoughts
What thoughts need to be tackled during CBT?
Unrealistic, negative and maladaptive thinking
What are the 3 main components of CBT for anxiety?
Assess risks, consider resources, decrease avoidance
What are the 3 main components of CBT for depression?
Identify, evaluate and respond to negative thoughts
What are the 10 basic principles of CBT treatment?
1: based on an evolving formulation
2: requires an alliance
3: collaboration and participation
4: goal orientated
5: emphasises the present
6: educative
7: time limited
8: structured
9: teaches patient to respond to their dysfunctional beliefs
10: uses a variety of techniques
What are the 5 essential streams fo CBT?
1: developing the therapeutic relationship
2: planning treatment and structuring sessions
3: identifying and responding to dysfunctional cognitions
4: emphasising he positive
5: facilitating behavioural changes between sessions
What does “developing the therapeutic relationship” involve?
Building trust / sharing the treatment plan / making decisions collaboratively / varying style so its personal
What does “planning treatment and structuring sessions” involve?
Making he process understandable / letting them know what to expect / finding out what is most effective for them
What does “identifying and responding to dysfunctional cognitions” involve?
Using guided discovery and behavioural experiments
What does “emphasising the positive” involve?
Pointing out the positives
What does “facilitating behavioural changes between sessions” involve?
Setting the patients up to have a better week / homework / teaching them new skills to implement
What are the core principles of CBT (the hot cross bun model)?
Cognitions, affect, physiology, behaviour
What is the criteria for panic disorder?
Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks / followed by worry about additional attacks and the potential consequences
What is catastrophic misinterpretation?
Interpreting normal bodily sensations as being dangerous
What are the 4 stages in the Cognitive Model of Panic Disorder? The Panic Formulation?
Trigger / emotional response / physical sensations / thoughts
What is an additional stage in the cognitive model of panic disorder?
Cycle of safety behaviours
What are the 4 key stages in CBT?
Psychoeducation / Cognitive techniques / behavioural techniques / relapse prevention
What is involved in psychoeducation?
Learning information about symptoms / sharing formulation / correcting unhelpful beliefs
What is involved in cognitive techniques?
Finding evidence for the belief / examining the evidence / finding evidence against the belief / the theory A, theory B technique
What is involved in behavioural techniques?
Planned experiential activities / designed from formulation / testing the validity of patients existing beliefs / reducing safety behaviours
What is the overall structure of CBT?
Time limited / formulation / cognitive and behavioural work / therapy blueprint
What is the structure of a typical CBT session?
Agenda / mood assessment / homework discussion / topic discussion / planning homework / client feedback
What is Socratic questioning?
A method often used in CBT where you ask a question that the client can work out the answer to / the answer reveals a new perspective
According to NICE, what are the 7 characteristics of CBT?
Talking therapy / time limited / brief / structured / collaborative / problem orientated / treats a range of MD
