Word Doc Flashcards
Which theory would track quantitative changes?
e.g. documenting the number of words added to a child’s vocabulary
Mechanistic Theory
Stacy’s mother believes that most of Stacy’s acting out lately has been caused by unconscious forces within her that motivate her behavior. Stacy’s mother follows the ______ perspective.
Psychoanalytic
Which approach looks at the quality of cognitive functioning at different stages of life?
Piagetian
Pee-ah-J-asian
Susie learned to sit on the floor and cry until she is given a piece of candy. This is an example of
operant conditioning
HOME is an instrument for evaluating the impact of a child’s home environment for
intellectual development
______________ are the behaviours, interests, attitudes, skills, and personality traits a culture considers appropriate for males or females:
Gender roles
What are the four levels of play
As children mature, their play skills move through four specific stages of play
1) solitary play
2) parallel play (minding ya business)
(playing next to each other w/o interaction)
3) symbolic play (playing house)
4) cooperative play (chess)
Piaget’s Cognitive Stages:
1) Sensorimotor (0-2)
- organize activities in relation to environment
2) Preoperational (2-7)
- uses symbols, but thinking is still not logical
3) Concrete Operations (7-11)
- logical, but can’t think abstract
4) Formal operations (11+)
- thinks abstractly and deal with hypotheticals
List 3 Internalizing Behaviours
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Fearfulness
Xavier is a child who is frequently aggressive deliberately and without anger.
Xavier uses force and coercion as a mechanism to getting what he wants.
What type of aggression is Xavier engaging in?
Instrumental Aggression
According to Piaget, in which of the following stages does hypothetical-deductive reasoning emerge?
Formal Operations Stage
According to Kohlberg, people act under external controls and obey rules in order to avoid punishment or reap rewards. Which of the following levels of morality is this?
Preconventional Morality
According to Erikson, adolescents are in the crisis of
identity versus identity confusion.
What are 3 practices that teach children cultural socialization?
(cultural socialization - teaching children about their racial or ethnic heritage, promote cultural traditions, and promote ethics and racial pride)
A. school practices
B. community practices
C. parental practices
All of these teach a child about culture.
Psychological maturity depends on what 3 things?
- Discovering one’s identity
- Becoming independent of one’s parents
- Developing a system of values
The leading cause of death among young adults is
accidents
In the 1960s, young people in the United States typically finished school, left home, got a job, got married, and had children. By the 1990s, only __________ of emerging adults followed this sequence.
25%
Current research indicates that emerging adults with the highest well-being have
A. attended college.
B. had no children.
C. did not get married
A sequence of age-related development that continues through the adult life span, identified by major, predictable life changes, describes the ______ model of personality.
normative-stage
Until recently, the least studied part of the life span has been
middle adulthood
Loss of endurance during middle adulthood results from a gradual decrease in the rate of
basal metabolism
Whether or not an event causes stress may depend on
the reaction it produces
Cohort, gender, ethnicity, culture, and socioeconomic status affect the life course by
influencing the expectations and trajectory of life decisions
3 types of psychosocial developmental change
A. maturational needs or tasks that all human beings experience.
B. historical events that affect a particular population.
D. unusual experiences and unusual timing.
In Vaillant’s study of men in their 50s, those who were considered to be, best-adjusted, displayed characteristics of
1) responsibility for others at work.
2) accomplishments of their children.
3) gifts to charity.
3 Mental and behavioural problems associated with old age
1) Parkinson’s disease
2) Alzheimer’s disease
3) Dementia
Which of the following types of memory is defined by long-term memory that contains factual knowledge, language, and social customs?
Semantic memory
How does Erik Erikson characterize “late adulthood”?
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Continuity theory
Models of successful/optimal aging emphasizes a connection between past and present
- Defines successful aging by maintaining a balance of continuity and change in the internal and external structures of life.
- an activity is important not just for the sake of the activity, but because it represents a continuation of a previous lifestyle
(e. g. volunteering at a hospital, golfing, or singing in the church choir).
