Wood Light Frame Construction Flashcards
What is the framing progression of wood light frame construction? (3)
- heavy timber construction
- balloon framing
- platform framing
What is balloon frame construction?
small-dimension members span from ground floor to roof
Where was balloon frame construction invented?
North America
What are two advantages of balloon frame construction?
- light wood frame uses lighter wood members and simpler nailed connections
- requires less-skilled builders
What are two characteristics of balloon frame construction?
- studs extend from foundation all the way to the roof/attic
- second floor joists connected to the side of studs
What is platform frame construction?
relies on shorter length, single-story height studs that are easier to produce, handle and erect on site
What pattern is used in platform frame construction?
platform-walls-platform-walls
What members does platform framing consist of?
nominal two-inch members spaced at 16” or 24” on-center
What are the four components of platform framing?
- floor and ceiling joists
- wall studs
- roof rafters
- panels applied over framing
What are the seven steps of simple platform framing?
- establish location of building site
- excavation and foundation
- construct ground-floor platform
- frame ground-floor walls
- construct upper-floor platform
- frame upper-floor walls
- frame attic floor and roof
What are the four steps of establishing a building site?
- stake location of building corners
- erect batter boards just beyond the foundation area
- string lines over established building corners
- place notch or nail on the batter boards to retain string location
What are the four steps of residential basement foundation construction?
- cast-in-place concrete strip footing
- cast-in-place concrete foundation wall, 8” to 12” thick, 8’ to 10’ tall
- anchor bolts cast into top of wall
- steel reinforcing top and bottom of wall
What are the four steps of ground-floor platform construction?
- sill plates anchored
- girders placed
- floor joists laid
- subflooring applied
What are the seven steps of ground-floor wall construction?
- wall sections are assembled lying down, then lifted into place
- temporary bracing holds walls in alignment
- exterior wall sheathing may be applied before the walls are stood up or later
- bottom plates attached to floor platform
- studs continuous between top and bottom plates
- top plates are doubled to support loads from joists above
- top plates are also staggered to tie separate wall sections together
How are studs spaced in wall framing?
16” or 24” on center
In rough openings, what does the header support, and what supports the header? (2)
- header supports the loads above the opening
- jack studs support the header
What is lateral force resistance?
prevents sliding, overturning, and wracking
What resists overturning?
hold-downs
What are six lateral bracing methods used to resist racking and shear force?
- wood structural panel
- let-in bracing
- structural fiberboard sheathing
- gypsum board
- portland cement plaster
- hardboard panel siding
What can act as shear walls for lateral bracing? (5)
- diagonal 1”x4” let-in bracing (rigid sheathing)
- shear walls resist wracking
- any solid sheathed area may act as a shear wall
- interior walls, properly constructed, can also act as shear walls
- higher-strength prefabricated steel assemblies may also be used where solid wall area is limited
What are the four steps of upper-floor platform construction?
- using open web joists provides space for building services
- upper floor framing much the same as ground floor
- rim joists and interior blocking close off joist spaces and prevent the joists from tipping
- with I-joists, the thinner webs require stiffeners, blocking, or squash blocks to support loads from above
What is convenient about upper-floor walls construction?
each floor platform makes a convenient work surface for building the next set of walls
How are the attic and roof framed?
ceiling joists and roof rafters are erected on top of the upper floor walls
