WOOD Flashcards
NAME 3 TYPES OF WOODS
Hardwood-longer to grow, more dense, durable.
Softwoods-fast growing, porus, cheap.
Manufactured boards-manmade, big sheets, cheap, stable
HOW TO CUT LUMBER (DRY PLANKS)
- cut tree
- trim (bark,branches)
- cut into plankes
- dry
2 TYPES OF FINISHES
Rough Sawn- aren’t sanded
PAR (planed all around)-smooth, expensive- take longer
GREEN WOOD
needs to be seasoned to stay in shape- LUMBERRRR
if it isn’t treated it will- mold, expand and bring wood worms.
AIR DRYING
- slow (1 year=25mm)
- higher moisture content
- needs more space.
KILN DRYING
- faster
- lower moisture content
- expensive
- kills dem bugs
4 DIFFERENT STOCK FORMS
- planks
- boards
- dowels (round wooden poles)
- moulding (skirting)
WHY DO WE NEED STANDARD SIZES
Easier to find the measurements and then just find you wood in a simalar range- quicker+more efficient.
3 COMMON MANUFACTURED BOARDS
- MDF
- Plywood
- Chipboard
MDF
- medium-density fibre board
- smooth
- very absorbent (not good in humid places)
- good value
- e.g toys, kitchen units
PLYWOOD
- Alternet layers
- stable
- water resistant
- can be flexible (grain faces different ways on each layer)
e. g interior, exterior, shelving
CHIPBOARD
- no natural grain
- covered in laminate to stop splinters
- made from waste wood
- good strenght
- not water resistant unless treated
- good value
e. g flooring, lowend furniture
3 COMMON TYPES OF SOFTWOOD
- larch
- pine
- spruce
LARCH
- reddish
- shows grain
- good in water
- durable
- has loose knots
e. g joinery, interior construction, florring
PINE
- pale yellow
- grain (darkens with age)
- lightweight
- can split near knots
e. g cheap furniture, decking
SPRUCE
- white/creamy (fine grain)
- work easy
- easy to stain
- high stiffness to weight ratio
e. g construction, furniture, musical instruments.
5 DIFFERNT TYPES OF HARDWOOD
- ash
- beech
- mahogany
- oak
- balsa
ASH
- pale brown
- laminates well
- flexiable
- shock resistant
e. g sports equipment, tool handles
BEECH
- pink
- close grains
- finished nicely
- durable
e. g models, kids toys, veneers
MAHOGANY
- rich brown/red
- durable
- easy to work with
e. g high end funiture, joints
OAK
- intersting grain
- light brown
- durable
- high quality finishes
e. g funiture, railway sleepers
BALSA
- pale creamy/white
- unusually fast growing
- very soft (sponge)
- light weight (can snap were thin)
e. g toy plane modelling
5 WAYS THAT CUTTING DOWN TREES CAN DAMAGE THE ENVIRONMENT
- destroys wildlife
- lowers are oxygen
- species extinct
- globle warming
- pollution
WHAT IS A MANAGED FOREST
it is when you plant a tree everytime you cut one down
4 WAYS OF BENDING TIMBER
- kerfing
- lazer cutter
- laminating
- steaming
TO CREATE CURVED SHAPES, …………. NEEDS TO BE APPLIED TO THE TIMBER AROUND A …………..
Pressure, Former
CURVED SHAPES CAN BE DONE BY USING A CLAMP OR ……………
Bag press
TIMBER CAN BE MADE MUCH MORE PLIABLE BY PUTTING IT IN A ……..
Steam chest
3 REASONS WHY YOU MIGHT WANT A FINISH
- make it look nice
- to preserve it
- make it durabale
OUTDOOR TIMBER CAN BE ……..
Tanalised
- forces preservation into the cells of the wood
- vacuum
- protects it from- insects and rotting
VOC
Volatile Organic Compound (gives off harmful fumes)
- alot less is used now
PERMANENTLY JOINING TIMBERS- ADVANTAGES
- greater suface area for glue
- can be decorative
- can lock together
NAME 8 THE JOINTS
- butt
- lap
- dove tail
- mortise + tenon
- mitre
- housing
- finger
- dowel
PERMANENTLY JOINING TIMBERS- ADVANTAGES
- greater suface area for glue
- can be decorative
- can lock together
GLUE IS AN
adhesive
