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GCSE DT > COMPLIANT/MATERIALS > Flashcards

COMPLIANT/MATERIALS Flashcards

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1
Q

PAPER & BOARDS KEY FACTS

A
  • comes from wood pulp (celluose)
  • changed into mill
  • other pulp sources like cotton can be added to increase durability.
  • measured by wait (gsm)
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2
Q

HOW CAN PAPER-MAKING BE MORE SUSTAINABLE

A
  • biodegradable paper
  • reuse water
  • from a manged forest
  • use over chip wood
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3
Q

CALENDERING

A

running materials through rollers to reduse its thickness or apply a surface finish.

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4
Q

COMPOSITES

A
  • composite materials are created by combining 2 or materials that have quite different properties
  • they work together to produce an ‘enhanced’ material with unique properties
  • you can easliy tell the mix of materials apart, they don’t dissolve or blend
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5
Q

5 EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITES

A
  • reinforced concrete
  • GRP and fibre glass
  • Kevlar
  • duct tape
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6
Q

WHY IS IT DIFFICULT TO RECYCLE COMPOSITE MATERIALS

A

you will need to separate the materials

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7
Q

CARBON FIBRE PRODUCTS

A

CRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastic)

  • cloth woven
  • high strength,stiff,waterproof
  • sports cars, boats
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8
Q

GRP (FIBRE GLASS) PRODUCTS

A

GRP (glass reinforced plastic)

  • fibre matting covered in smoth plastic resin
  • lightweight,waterproof,strong
  • boat hulls, helments
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9
Q

LAYING UP GRP

A
  1. make mould
  2. apply mould realse
  3. apply colour get coat
  4. apply glass fibre matting and roller in the resin
  5. leave resin to cure,trim and release
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10
Q

TEXTILES

A
  • very adaptable
  • avalible from a variety of sources
  • availble in different forms;rolls, yarn, fibres
  • high strength to weight ratio
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11
Q

PLANT BASED NATURAL FIBRES

A

cotton

  • fluffy,cotton plant,takes dye
  • strong, absorbant,washable,thermal
  • clothing, towles, bedsheets
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12
Q

ANIMAL BASED NATURAL FIBRES

A

wool

  • animal fleece-sheep, dyeable
  • coarse,soft and thick,can shrink
  • jumpers,expensive,warmth

silk

  • silkworm,nautral shine, dyeable
  • soft, warm and also cool,strong
  • luxury clothing, silk paintings
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13
Q

SYNTHETIC FIBRES (MANMADE)

A

polyester

  • can be made into satin,ripstop,tent/sail material
  • tough,strong,hard wearing, dyeable
  • fleece,sportswear,umbrellas

polyamide (nylon)

  • dyeable, versatile fibres
  • strong, hard wearing, can be blended
  • parachutes,sports,tough thread

elastane (lycra)

  • smooth,sheen,dyeable
  • added to fabric, added stretch
  • swimsuits,muscular supports
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14
Q

BLENDED FIBRES

A

poly-cotton (blended)

  • cotton look, printed/dyed, no creases
  • more durable,not breathable,cheaper than cotton
  • clothing, bedding
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15
Q

WOVEN TEXTILES

A

plain weave

  • interlaced at 90°
  • simple/cheap,complicated weaves,strong
  • gingham,table clothes
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16
Q

NON-WOVEN TEXTILES

A 
bonded fabric
-random,small holes
-fabrics lack,cut in an direction
-disposable products,hygiene,tea bags
felted fabric
-matted fibres randomly,dyed
-on elasticity,expensive
-hats,handicrafts
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17
Q

KNITTED TEXTILES

A

knitted fabric

  • loops of yarn,very decorative
  • warm to wear,unravel more easily than warp
  • jumpers,socks,tights,soft toys
18
Q

REINFORCING MATERIALS

A 
2 different loads:
dynamic/static
forces
-compression (pushing in) eg steps
-tension (pulling out) eg steel roof
-torsion (twisting) eg screwdriver
-shear (pushing sides) eg scissors
19
Q

A CLIMBING ROPE MUST BE STRONG IN

A

tension

20
Q

A STEEL ROOF BEAM MUST RESIST……….FORCE

A

bending

21
Q

A PAPER GUILOTINE USES………..FORCE TO CUT PAPER

A

shear

22
Q

A PILLAR MUST BE STRONG IN……..

A

compression

23
Q

REINFORCING

A

adding material to increase strength

  • stitching
  • layers and steel bands
  • steel bars
24
Q

STIFFENING

A

adding thin layers to reduce bending + torsion

  • interfacing
  • carboard
  • layers of veneer
25
Q

FOLDING

A

adding folds to reduce bending (increase stiffness)

  • corrugating
  • ridges
26
Q

TECHNICAL TEXTILES properties/definition

A
  • created by weaving fibres in a particular way to enhance their properties
  • specific
  • more important than aesthetic
27
Q

GORE-TEX

A

-waterproof
-breathable
-reduces condention
-increases comfort
150 millions holes per cm²

28
Q

CONDUCTIVE

A
  • e-textiles
  • conductive threads sewn into fabrics to connects components
  • programable
29
Q

KEVLAR

A
  • high tensile strength
  • heat proof
  • hard-wearing
  • synthetic fibres
30
Q

FIRE RESISTANT

A
  • high temperatures
  • reduces combustion
  • armid fibres
31
Q

MICROENCAPSULATION

A
  • microfibres traps substances within the fibres of a fabric

- when shell is broken the substance is released

32
Q

BLEED PROOF PAPER

A
  • can be textured/coated in white
  • 70gsm sheer,solvent based
  • marked pens final designs
33
Q

CARTRIDGE PAPER

A
  • thick ans slightly rough
  • 120-150gsm expensive
  • pencil sketching and watercolour
34
Q

GRID PAPER

A
  • printed grid, isometric paper
  • 80gsm fait lines
  • scientic,mathematical diagrams
35
Q

LAYOUT PAPER

A
  • off white, medium opacity sheet
  • 40-60 gsm, inks can smear
  • coping and tracing images
36
Q

TRACING PAPER

A
  • translucent
  • 40-120 gsm
  • pencil tracing
37
Q

CORRUGATED CARDBOARD

A
  • nautal brown, bonded paper (sandwich)
  • 1000-5000 microns, strong,lightweight
  • packaging impact and protection
38
Q

DUPLEX BOARD

A
  • 2 layers of card bonded together
  • 200-500 gsm
  • stiff, lightweight coating
  • cheap white card
  • packaging, waxy coating
39
Q

FOIL LINED BOARD

A
  • white card bonded with aluimimium foil
  • 200-400 gsm, stiff, reflects heat
  • takeaway containers
40
Q

FOAM CORE BOARD

A
  • smooth board back and front, foam inside
  • 3-10mm thick lightweight
  • under pressureit can crack and crease
  • models, art work
41
Q

INK JET CARD

A
  • smooth glossy finish
  • 120-350 gsm high quatilty
  • high quatilty images
42
Q

SOLID WHITE BOARD

A
  • high quatilty card
  • 200-500 gsm stiff, holds colour well, easily cut
  • greeting cards packaging and advertising

GCSE DT (11 decks)

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