Wood 2

Question 1

tough fibrous cellular substance that makes up most of the stems and branches of trees beneath the bark.

Answer 1

wood

Question 2

softwood and hardwood

Answer 2

two types of wood

Question 3

conifers (evergreens) which have needles instead of leaves , ex. pine

Answer 3

softwoods

Question 4

broad-leaved trees or deciduous trees.

Answer 4

hardwoods

Question 5

sapwood and heartwood

Answer 5

structure of wood

Question 6

sapwood

Answer 6

softer,younger outer portion of a tree, usually lighter in color

Question 7

heartwood

Answer 7

older,harder central portion of a tree, darker than sapwood. Central core of the log

Question 8

decay,checks,knots,shakes,pitchpockets,wane,warping

Answer 8

defects of wood

Question 9

caused by the attack of fungi

Answer 9

decay

Question 10

cracks or lengthwise separation across the annual rings caused by irregular shrinkage during drying.

Answer 10

checks

Question 11

cracks between and parallel to the annual rings.

Answer 11

shakes

Question 12

irregular growth in the body of a tree which interrupt the smooth curve of the grain.

Answer 12

knots

Question 13

well-defined openings between annual rings.

Answer 13

pitchpockets

Question 14

lack of wood on the edge or corner of a piece

Answer 14

wane

Question 15

caused by unequal shrinkage of the board.

Answer 15

warping

Question 16

crook,bow,cup,twist

Answer 16

types of warping

Question 17

distortion of the board. Long edge is convex or concave

Answer 17

crook

Question 18

face is convex or concave longitudinal

Answer 18

bow

Question 19

convex or concave across the board

Answer 19

cup

Question 20

one corner is raised

Answer 20

twist

Question 21

plainsawing,quartersawing,riftsawing

Answer 21

methods of sawing wood

Question 22

lumber cut tangent to the annual rings. rings at an angle 0 to 45 degrees

Answer 22

plainsawing

Question 23

wood cut radially to the annual rings or growth parallel to te rays. angle 45 degrees to 90 degrees.

Answer 23

quartersawing

Question 24

30 to 60 degrees angle to the center of the timber.

Answer 24

riftsawing

Question 25

woods suitable for use as a building material

Answer 25

timber

Question 26

timber product manufactured by sawing, etc.

Answer 26

lumber

Question 27

lumber that is surfaced with planing machine to attain a smooth surface and uniform size. s2s,s4s

Answer 27

dressed lumber

Question 28

saw,edged and trimmed but not surfaced

Answer 28

rough lumber

Question 29

lumber seasoned in a kiln

Answer 29

kiln dried

Question 30

seasoned by exposure to the atmosphere

Answer 30

air dried/sun dried

Question 31

strips, board lumber, planks timbers

Answer 31

4 classifications of lumber

Question 32

less than 2" thk and at least 8" wide

Answer 32

strips

Question 33

graded for appearance rather than strength. Same size as strips.Used for sidings and flooring.

Answer 33

board lumber

Question 34

wide pieces of lumber 2" to 5" thick. Used for stairs, floor girders,girts and trusses.

Answer 34

planks

Question 35

pieces of 5" or more on the smallest dimension.

Answer 35

timber

Question 36

size of the lumber when is cut from the log

Answer 36

nominal size

Question 37

board foot

Answer 37

lumber is measured in

Question 38

number of pieces x thickness (in) x width (in) x length (ft) divided by 12. if the length is in inches divide by 144 for example: 18 pcs x 1" x 12" x20ft divided by 12 = 360 bd.ft but if the length is in inches 12 pcs x 3"x5"x36" divided by 144 = 45 bd.ft

Answer 38

board feet computation

Question 39

when all free water is removed but all absorbed water remains

Answer 39

fiber saturation point

Question 40

when the shrinkage of the wood occurs at moisture content percentages below the fiber saturation point. The drying of wood continues until the vapor pressure in the air just balances the pressure on wood surface.

Answer 40

equilibrium moisture content (e.m.c)

Question 41

the process of removing moisture from green wood

Answer 41

seasoning

Question 42

exposed to air

Answer 42

air drying

Question 43

super heated steam is used to heat the wood and drive out the moisture.

Answer 43

kiln-drying

Question 44

greater reduction in weight, control of moisture content to any desired value, reduction in drying time

Answer 44

advantages of kiln drying over air drying

Question 45

used to forestall attack by decay,fungi or any harmful insects.

Answer 45

wood preservatives

Question 46

oil-type wood preservative and water borne wood preservatives

Answer 46

2 types of wood preservatives

Question 47

coal tar creosotes,creosotes derived from wood,oil and water gas,creosotes solutions,pentachlorophenol

Answer 47

oil type wood preservatives

Question 48

chromated zinc chloride, chromated copper arsenate (cca) and ammoniacal copper arsenate (aca)

Answer 48

water borne wood preservatives

Question 49

pressure treatment,hot and cold bath method,dipping or immersing the wood in a hot preservative for a short time, brushing

Answer 49

methods of applying wood preservatives

Question 50

covering the wood with a compound or material,impregnating the wood in a chemical.

Answer 50

treatment of wood for fire resistance

Question 51

wolmanized,tanalized,permanized,boliden

Answer 51

pressure treated lumber and plywood types