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Building and Construction > Wood 2 > Flashcards

Wood 2 Flashcards

1
Q

tough fibrous cellular substance that makes up most of the stems and branches of trees beneath the bark.

A

wood

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2
Q

softwood and hardwood

A

two types of wood

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3
Q

conifers (evergreens) which have needles instead of leaves , ex. pine

A

softwoods

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4
Q

broad-leaved trees or deciduous trees.

A

hardwoods

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5
Q

sapwood and heartwood

A

structure of wood

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6
Q

sapwood

A

softer,younger outer portion of a tree, usually lighter in color

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7
Q

heartwood

A

older,harder central portion of a tree, darker than sapwood. Central core of the log

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8
Q

decay,checks,knots,shakes,pitchpockets,wane,warping

A

defects of wood

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9
Q

caused by the attack of fungi

A

decay

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10
Q

cracks or lengthwise separation across the annual rings caused by irregular shrinkage during drying.

A

checks

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11
Q

cracks between and parallel to the annual rings.

A

shakes

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12
Q

irregular growth in the body of a tree which interrupt the smooth curve of the grain.

A

knots

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13
Q

well-defined openings between annual rings.

A

pitchpockets

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14
Q

lack of wood on the edge or corner of a piece

A

wane

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15
Q

caused by unequal shrinkage of the board.

A

warping

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16
Q

crook,bow,cup,twist

A

types of warping

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17
Q

distortion of the board. Long edge is convex or concave

A

crook

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18
Q

face is convex or concave longitudinal

A

bow

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19
Q

convex or concave across the board

A

cup

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20
Q

one corner is raised

A

twist

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21
Q

plainsawing,quartersawing,riftsawing

A

methods of sawing wood

22
Q

lumber cut tangent to the annual rings. rings at an angle 0 to 45 degrees

A

plainsawing

23
Q

wood cut radially to the annual rings or growth parallel to te rays. angle 45 degrees to 90 degrees.

A

quartersawing

24
Q

30 to 60 degrees angle to the center of the timber.

A

riftsawing

25
Q

woods suitable for use as a building material

A

timber

26
Q

timber product manufactured by sawing, etc.

A

lumber

27
Q

lumber that is surfaced with planing machine to attain a smooth surface and uniform size. s2s,s4s

A

dressed lumber

28
Q

saw,edged and trimmed but not surfaced

A

rough lumber

29
Q

lumber seasoned in a kiln

A

kiln dried

30
Q

seasoned by exposure to the atmosphere

A

air dried/sun dried

31
Q

strips, board lumber, planks timbers

A

4 classifications of lumber

32
Q

less than 2” thk and at least 8” wide

A

strips

33
Q

graded for appearance rather than strength. Same size as strips.Used for sidings and flooring.

A

board lumber

34
Q

wide pieces of lumber 2” to 5” thick. Used for stairs, floor girders,girts and trusses.

A

planks

35
Q

pieces of 5” or more on the smallest dimension.

A

timber

36
Q

size of the lumber when is cut from the log

A

nominal size

37
Q

board foot

A

lumber is measured in

38
Q

number of pieces x thickness (in) x width (in) x length (ft) divided by 12. if the length is in inches divide by 144 for example: 18 pcs x 1” x 12” x20ft divided by 12 = 360 bd.ft but if the length is in inches 12 pcs x 3”x5”x36” divided by 144 = 45 bd.ft

A

board feet computation

39
Q

when all free water is removed but all absorbed water remains

A

fiber saturation point

40
Q

when the shrinkage of the wood occurs at moisture content percentages below the fiber saturation point. The drying of wood continues until the vapor pressure in the air just balances the pressure on wood surface.

A

equilibrium moisture content (e.m.c)

41
Q

the process of removing moisture from green wood

A

seasoning

42
Q

exposed to air

A

air drying

43
Q

super heated steam is used to heat the wood and drive out the moisture.

A

kiln-drying

44
Q

greater reduction in weight, control of moisture content to any desired value, reduction in drying time

A

advantages of kiln drying over air drying

45
Q

used to forestall attack by decay,fungi or any harmful insects.

A

wood preservatives

46
Q

oil-type wood preservative and water borne wood preservatives

A

2 types of wood preservatives

47
Q

coal tar creosotes,creosotes derived from wood,oil and water gas,creosotes solutions,pentachlorophenol

A

oil type wood preservatives

48
Q

chromated zinc chloride, chromated copper arsenate (cca) and ammoniacal copper arsenate (aca)

A

water borne wood preservatives

49
Q

pressure treatment,hot and cold bath method,dipping or immersing the wood in a hot preservative for a short time, brushing

A

methods of applying wood preservatives

50
Q

covering the wood with a compound or material,impregnating the wood in a chemical.

A

treatment of wood for fire resistance

51
Q

wolmanized,tanalized,permanized,boliden

A

pressure treated lumber and plywood types

Building and Construction (11 decks)

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