women w/ reproductive disorders -- PREP U Flashcards
what interventions can be used with vulvovaginal infections to improve comfort?
-sitz bath
-warm perineal irrigation
-cornstarch for chaffed thighs
what are some of the symptoms of cervical cancer?
-abnormal vaginal bleeding
-persistent yellow-ish, blood tinged, foul smelling discharge
-postcoital pain + bleeding (in-between periods)
-abnormal heavy menstrual periods
-flank pain (if progressed to pelvic wall)
Menorrhagia is _________ menstrual bleeding.
excessive
Amenorrhea is the _________ of menses.
absence
Dysmenorrhea is a _______ menses.
painful
Metrorrhagia is excessive and __________ menstrual bleeding.
prolonged
what are the risk factors of developing breast cancer?
-over 50 y/o
-family hx of breast cancer
-obesity
-nulliparous or having children after 30
-2-5 alcoholic drinks/ day
what is the preferred medication for bacterial vaginosis?
metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for seven days
Monistat, Gyne-Lotrimin, and Terazol are used in the management of which bacterial infection?
candidiasis
a young patient diagnosed with PID, what long term affect are we most concerned about?
infertility - **but early treatment prevents the infection from moving up the reproductive tract and/or becoming chronic PID
what are some non-surgical treatments that can be used to manage a prolapsed uterus?
-pessary (inserted into vagina to support uterus)
-lifestyle changes
-pelvic floor exercises
what are the 4 reasons why ovarian cancer is known as a lethal cancer?
-tumors are typically far advanced/ inoperable by diagnosis
-the vague, nonspecific symptoms are often ignored
-there is no effective screening test
which condition is the downward displacement of the bladder toward the vaginal orifice?
cystocele - this is a result of damage to the anterior vaginal support structures
A rectocele is a bulging of the ______ into the vagina.
rectum
Vulvodynia is a painful condition that affects the ______.
vulva
what are the risk factors of developing PID?
-early age of first intercourse
-multiple sexual partners
-frequent sex
-unprotected sex
-hx of STDs
sex w/ a partner who has STDs
what 3 things are commonly associated with toxic shock syndrome?
-use of superabsorbent tampons that aren’t changed frequently
- internal contraception use (placed for long periods of time)
-Escherichia coli
-Trichomonas vaginalis
-Staphylococcus
-Streptococcus
-Gonococcus
these organisms are associated with which infection of the greater vestibular gland?
Bartholinitis
thick, white, curdy discharge, foul odor and burning w/ urination is associated with which infection?
Candida albicans
foamy yellow/ white discharge, foul odor and severe itching is associated with which infection?
Trichomonas vaginalis
watery, gray/ white discharge, fishy odor and more discharge after intercourse is associated with which infection?
Gardnerella vaginalis
A patient being treated for Trichomoniasis with Metronidazole will need to be educated about what 3 points?
- BOTH partners need to be treated (either 1 time loading dose OR 3x/ day for a week)
-medication may cause a metallic taste
-abstain from drinking alcohol
what 3 non-surgical techniques can be used to treat/ manage cystocele (downward displacement of bladder due to anterior muscle damage)?
-pessary
-Kegel exercises
-Colpexin Sphere
Endometriosis is cured with natural or surgical menopause. But can be medically managed with the use of progestin/ estrogen __________, which keeps the patient in a non-bleeding phase of the menstrual cycle to keep ectopic tissue from shedding and causing more bleeding.
contraceptives
HSV-2 (herpes simplex virus 2) is a recurrent, _____-_______ viral infections that causes lesions on genitalia. What are 3 complications that need to be included in the plan of care?
life-long
- aseptic meningitis
- neonatal transmission
- severe emotional distress
What is it called when the small intestine descents down into the vaginal vault?
Enterocele
What are the common signs/ symptoms of endometriosis that point to a diagnosis before definitive diagnosis with a transvaginal ultrasound?
-chronic pelvic pain (most frequent/ common)
-low back pain
-dyspareunia (pain w/ intercourse)
-dysuria (pain/ burning w/ urination)
-dyschezia (difficulty pooping)
-dysmenorrhea
-menorrhagia
what is the earliest and most common sign of endometrial cancer?
bleeding
what is the most frequent, early sign of vulvar cancer?
pruritus w/ genital burning
TRUE OR FALSE? Carcinoma in situ means the cancer has not left the original site and therefore has not invaded other tissues.
TRUE
when a patient is receiving radiation material directly into the vagina. What do we need to pay attention to, to avoid radiation exposure?
-avoid bathing the patient, especially below the waist
-strict bed rest, but HOB can be 30-45 degrees
-the applicator placement should be checked every 4 hours
a pessary should be taken out at prescribed intervals by a health care provider to be:
-examined
-cleaned
-examine the vaginal wall for pressure injury/ irritation
-becoming sexually active at a young age
-STDs/ genital infections
these are risk factors of developing:
cervical cancer and PID
what are 3 indications of premature ovarian failure?
-high FSH levels
-irregular menses
-premature cessation of menses
What selfcare management do we need to teach patients with genital herpes (lesions)?
-don’t touch lesions (to avoid infection of another area)
-avoid bubble baths when lesions are present
-avoid any direct contact w/ lesions (you + other people)
what are the risk factors of developing ovarian cancer?
-never been pregnant
->40 y/o
-infertile
-menstrual irregularities
-family hx of breast, bowel, or endometrial cancer
the risk of developing ovarian cancer is reduced when women:
-have taken hormonal contraception
-have had multiple births
-had their first child at a young age
