Women's Suffrage Flashcards
What is the cause and effect of women’s suffrage? /2
Cause: the 19th century was an era of industrialization
Effect: led to more strict gender-roles
What is the consequence leading to women’s suffrage? /3
Led women to organize to gain basic human rights
Tackled the right to poverty and divorce
Demanded the right to vote
What is the declaration of sentiments? /5
Seneca Falls conference 1848
Fights for American Women’s Suffrage
A radical document from the United States
Targets the government on the subject of women’s rights in society
First document to formally articulate the demands of women’s rights movement
Why did women reference/copy the Declaration of Independence for the Declaration of Sentiments? /4
Show the level of anger
It’s a famous document known throughout North America that influenced the entire colony
Copying something popular that has already existed would be recognized easier
The Declaration of Independence got what they wanted (independence from the British empire)—hence copying it would give the same result
How are the Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of Sentiments similar?
Both demand a major change
What was the purpose of the Declaration of Sentiments?
Make aware how much injustice/inequality was present between men and women
Was improving women’s rights an easy process even after the release of the Declaration of Sentiments? Why? /3
No
Why?
Since it goes against centuries worth of traditions where men had the higher status
A subject where the majority do not agree on
Was the Declaration of Sentiments a radical document? Why? /2
Yes!
It touched on a subject that most people did not even consider an issue
What were the religious grievances in the Declaration of Sentiments?
Women have no right to partake in religious authority higher than subordinate
What were the civic/political grievances in the Declaration of Sentiments? /6
No right to Vote
No right to Run in elections
No right to Equal wages
No right to Identity (once married civilly dead)
Must follow laws in which they have no say in
Only be recognized by the government for property taxation
What were the social/cultural grievances in the Declaration of Sentiments? /7
No right to freedom (abuse, rape, confinement)
No right to enriched education
No INDEPENDENCE (MUST depend on a man)
Are labeled as people who should stay home and care of the house (ex. Housewife)
Double standards between men and women (judged differently)
Limited career choices
Low wages
What are the grievances present in the Declaration of Sentiments that still exist today? /4
Minority groups (ex. Indigenous people) have limits to what they can do
Men still get paid more than women
Double standards between sexes still exist
Women are still under represented
What is the Declaration of Independence? /4
American Revolution 1776
Result of high taxation due to Great Britain going into debt after the 7 Years War
Battle between Britain and the 13 colonies
Thomas Jefferson was the 3rd US president at the time
What is the 7 Years War? /2
Battle for territory between France and Great Britain
Cause debt for BOTH countries
What is the suffrage movement in the US? /2
Complicated
Pro women’s suffrage believed to gain the vote a priority given to gender over race and vice-versa
Women and men of all backgrounds argued over the question if women should obtain the right to vote at all
What consequence did this opinion cause?
“Pro women’s suffrage believed to gain the vote a priority GIVEN TO GENDER OVER RACE and vice-versa”
Suffragists debating whether or not to support the 15th Amendement
What is the 15th Amendement? /3
Passed in 1870
Gives men of all colour the right to vote in America (specifically African-Americans)
The right of the citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied b yet he US or any state on account of race, colour, or previous conditions of servitude
Regardless of the 15th Amendement passing, who was still denied the right to vote in America?
Women
Who is Sojourner Truth? /5
15th Amendement
Ex-slave
Noted Orator
Believes all men and women be allowed the right to vote
Believes it’s injustice if that the 15th Amendement does not change the fact that women still do not have the right to vote
Both supports and opposes the 15th Amendement
Who is Frederick Douglas? /5
15th Amendement
Supports the 15th Amendement
Believes both men and women deserve the right to vote, but prioritizes race over gender
His opinion is based off the matter of life and death for African Americans
Sees women have more protection than African Americans by being sisters, mothers, daughters, wives, etc of those in power (Caucasian)
Believes that giving African Americans suffrage will offer them more protection from severe prejudice
Who is Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton? /3
15th Amendement
Oppose the 15th Amendement
Believe that women should be granted suffrage before the coloured community can (RACIST)
Both women do not find it appropriate that men of all colours are put before women
Regarding the 15th Amendement, what does it reveal about the suffrage movement in the US? /3
Movement is somewhat discriminatory against other parties
Hypocritical, not all women are included in the women’s suffrage movement
Everyone has dividing opinions
Who is the president during the women’s suffrage movement in the US?
Woodrow Wilson
Which state’s ratification vote is shown as a deadlock and gains when the right to vote?
Tennessee
Who is Harry T. Burn? /3
20 year old
His vote allowed women to gain the right to suffrage in the deadlock
His decision was influenced by his mother wishing she can vote
Why was Tennessee’s ratification of the 19th Amendement so important for women’s suffrage?
Tennessee needed to vote yes for women’s suffrage to pass
2/3 of the US must agree for a law to pass
Who is Alice Paul? /7
American suffragette
Founded National Women’s Day
Held multiple degrees (science, social work)
Influenced by Emeline Pankhurst and her parents
Was arrested several times
Remained an activist till her death
Raised Quaker
What is the 19th Amendement?
Passed in 1920
Allowed American WHITE widen the right to vote
How did Alice Paul’s parents influence her?
Parents believed in gender equality
What is Quaker?
Religion that believes in equality and equal rights
What actions did Alice Paul take being an activist? /2
Hunger strike
Silent protest
Why did Alice a Paul go on hunger strikes?
To protest the treatment of suffragettes once they were arrested (poor conditions)
Who is Emeline Pankhurst? /3
British suffragette
Founded the Women’s Social Political Union (WSPU)
Was an extremist suffragette
What is the slogan of the Women’s Social Political Union?
Deeds not words
What methods did British suffragettes use to gain the right to vote? /6
Chain themselves to the gate of the Prime Ministers house (10 Downey street)
Hunger strikes
Attacking government + private property
Burning churches
Spoil the English sport of Horse Races
Hurt businesses
What did British suffragettes do in terms of attacking the government + private property? /2
Slashed paintings in museums
Ruined letters/pillar mailboxes via black ink, arson or corrosive chemicals
What their protest tactic did American women use to gain suffrage? When was it? /2
Held a massive parade of 8000 marches with:
- Nine bands
- Four mounted brigades
- Allegorical performance near the Treasury building
When:
The day before Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration
Why did British suffragettes target mail boxes and the postal service?
Plays an important role for women = correspondents (from suitors, lovers, etc)
How are British suffragettes treated by legal authorities? /3
Physically and sexually assaulted by the police
Imprisoned for protesting
Force-fed by a tube through the nose in prison
Why did British suffragettes imprisoned for the first time refuse to pay a fine to be released (bail)? /2
To have the public continue talking about them
Raise more awareness for their cause
What was the major fear of those who opposed suffrage in Britain? /2(3)
Women will stop getting married
= British population will die out
Women will stop having children
How were suffragettes portrayed NEGATIVELY in cartoons? /3
Pathetic
Lesbians
Angry and bitter
What is the suffragette uniform?
A coloured sash of Green, Purple, and White
What does each colour of the suffrage sash symbolize? /3
White: Purity
Purple: Dignity
Green: Fertility and Hope for the futur
Who is Emily Davidson? /6
Radical Suffragette in Britain
Force-fed in prison
Hid in the British House of Parliament
Political prisoner
Died due to severe injury
Imprisoned several times
How did Emily Davidson die? /2
Severe injury inflicted by the King’s horse crashing into her as she walked across the race track
Entered into a come only to later die in the hospital days later
What are British suffragists? What are British suffragettes? What do they have in common? /3(9)
Suffragists:
Fight for the right to women’s suffrage
Use letters/meetings/petitions
Suffragettes: Fight for the right to women’s suffrage Use extreme methods/actions -Letter bombs -Smashing windows -Public demonstration -Violence
HAVE THE SAME GOAL, DIFFERENT METHODS
What was Emeline Pankhurst’s goal in using such chaotic methods to achieve women’s suffrage?
British society would demand the government to let women have the right to vote in order to make suffragettes stop
Why did Emeline Pankhurst use such chaotic methods to justify/achieve women’s right to vote?
The British government views the protests with apathy
Apathy = without a care
When chained to the Prime Minister’s railing on 10th Downey Street, Britain how come the belt/chain was under their skirts? /2
To prevent the police from removing them from the railing
Police officers (most of them) refuse to put their hands under women’s skits/petticoats
What are some pro-suffrage arguments? /4
Women are not to be treated like convicts and/or lunatics
Men can commit sins and vote, but women with no mater hat they accomplish still do not hold that right
Women gave birth to all voters, hence, should receive the right to vote
Women are capable and can hold respected positions
What are some anti-suffrage arguments? /5
Women’s role is the home
Family life will suffer if women receive the right to vote: abandoning their responsibilities as mothers and wives
Women are seen as objects: use feminist to get that they want
Women are not capable to understand politics
Society is based in the unequal balance between men and women
Who are the three Pankhurst women who fought for women’s suffrage? /3
Emeline Pankhurst
Sylvia Pankhurst (daughter)
Christabel Pankhust (daughter)
Were women of colour also allowed the right to vote after the 19th Amendement was passed?
The constitution does say women of colour can vote, but due to segregation it was dismissed
Did the protest parade (before Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration) successful? Why? /3
NOPE!
The parades ended in physical violence with both the police and men
BUT did raise awareness
What argument is provided that supports the use of violence to gain the right to vote in Great Britain?
Without violence, women would not get the attention/awareness for their cause to gai none right to vote
