Imperialism Flashcards
Definition of Authoritarian? /2
Governed has full authority
No democracy
Definition of Liberalism? /4
Population has the power
Governed represent the people (democracy + elections)
No universal suffrage (racism and/or sexism)
Some western countries elect their leaders
What is Imperialism? /5(6)
Unequal humans and territory relationship
Based on ideas of superiority and practice of dominance
Involving extension of authority and control of one territory/people over another
Mother country (mostly European) increasing their fortune
|-> control politically/economically/militarily
|-> MERCANTILISM
What is a consequence of Imperialism? /4(5)
Competition between European empires/states
Colonies are a source of international prestige
A scramble for colonies/territories begins
|-> Scramble for Africa and China
IMPERIALISM + COLONIALISM = INEQUALITY
What is the Scramble for Africa? /7
Mother countries/states targeting Africa for:
- minerals
- missionary work (Christianity conversion)
- strategy
- economic downturn in Europe
1884 Berlin Conference
Use of machine guns and medicine (combat diseases such as malaria)
Rebellion was a consequence
What is the 1884 Berlin conference? /4
Organized the scramble for Africa
Host is Otto Avon Bismarck (chancellor of Germany)
European powers divide Africa into equal chunks of territory amongst themselves
WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE AFRICAN POPULATIONS
Which were the main Imperialists countries? /7
BRITAIN
GERMANY
FRANCE
Spain
Portugal
Italy
Belgium
What was unfair regarding the Scramble for Africa?
No person of colour confirms the authorization of the European empires to take over the land
What is the White Man’s Burden? /3
A poem written in 1899
Means:
The duty of European powers to “civilize” (convert) non-European people
Used to justify Western Imperialism at the turn of the 20th century
How did Great Britain initiate their colonization of African territories? /2(3)
Divide and Rule method
Cause tension between both groups of a country to avert their attention away form the IMPERIALISTS
|-> African genocide in 1954
Which countries are not colonized (INDEPENDENT) during the Scramble for Africa? /2
Ethiopia
Liberia
Why are the business language in African countries European languages?
Due to empires forcing their culture on them
What are the consequences of imperialism in China? /4
China is forced to allow these foreign powers to exploit their territory
Concessions are established for trade/benefit the Europeans
Christian missionaries increase
European powers send soldiers to protect interests (concessions)
What is the Boxer Rebellion? /4(6)
Christian missionaries continue to convert China
Results in Chinese willing to go into battle due to their beliefs
|-> belief: could never be wounded by weapons (guns and knives)
|-> they were wrong
European empires send military to keep their concessions (trade)
European win and end the rebellion
What is a Boxer (Boxer Rebellion)? /2
Anti foreign individual
Anti-Christian individual
What is a mandarin? /3
Government
Top of the hierarchy in China
Has long nails to prove its superiority and status
Who were allies during the Scramble for China?
France and Russia
What are concessions? /3
A territory controlled by a foreign power to conduct trade/benefit
Merchant buildings
Exploit trade networks (ex. Tea in China)
What is the American Power? /4(5)
USA is the largest industrial power by 1900
USA is an imperial power: have control over Puerto Rico
|-> do not have the right
to vote in US elections
USA annexes Hawaii and Alaska
Monroe Doctrine 1823
What is the Monroe Doctrine? /3
Main ideas
Done by James Monroe (one of the US presidents)
States that Europe is prohibited to colonize or impose their governments on the independent countries found on the American continents
States the US will remain neutral in European conflicts; will NOT GET INVOLVED IN ANY WAR
What is Section 1 of the Monroe Doctrine?
Imperial/European powers are prohibited to COLONIZE OR RE-COLONIZE the American continents (North and South America)
What is Section 2 of the Monroe Doctrine?
The American continents will NOT PARTICIPATE IN ANY EUROPEAN WAR, unless it directly involves them
What is Section 3 of the Monroe Doctrine?
If American continents are attacked or threatened; will got to war as a manner of defence and nothing more
What is Section 4 of the Monroe Doctrine?
If Imperial/European powers try to impose their government on the American continents; the US will see this as a threat and prepare for defence
What is Section 5 of the Monroe Doctrine?
If Imperial/European powers try to regain control of the American continents, it will be perceived as a threat
