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World History V > End Of The WWI > Flashcards

End Of The WWI Flashcards

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1
Q

What is American neutrality in WWI?

A

The USA stayed neutral since WWI was declared in 1914

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2
Q

How did the USA benefit from WWI? /4

A

Saw war as a business opportunity to increase USA’s economy

Offered supplies and loans

Shipped produce/goods/war materials to Europe

Offered their services to both sides (Triple + Central)
|-> most servies went to the Allies

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3
Q

What was a consequence of USA conducting business in WWI?

A

USA’s exports increased by 200% between 1914-1918

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4
Q

Who was president of the USA during WWI? /2

A

Woodrow Wilson

Did not want to be in involved in WWI

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5
Q

What was War on the Seas in WWI? /4

A

Central and Allies restrict their enemy’s access to supplies

1914 naval blockade on Germany by Britain
|->British boats and sea minefields block German ports

Germans establish a submarine campaign to attack and sink enemy ships filled with supplies

German submarine patrol the Atlantic Ocean
|-> sinking British supply ships and sometimes American ships

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6
Q

What would happen if either the Central or Allies were to attack an American ship?

A

Sinking US ships is seen as a threat/ act of war

Remember the MONROE DOCTRINE

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7
Q

Why can’t German naval blockade Great Britain? What is the alternative? /2

A

Since the United Kingdom is completely surrounded by water

Alternative:
Germans place their submarines in the Atlantic and sink British supply ships

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8
Q

What is the Lusitania? /3

A

A USA passenger ship (not part of any military)

Traveling from New York to Liverpool, Britain

Was shot down by a German submarine
|-> violates the Monroe Doctrine

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9
Q

Why did the USA believe the Lusitania would go through warfare waters unharmed?

A

Since the Unitarian was flying an American flag
|
|-> proved the Lusitania is not an enemy ship

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10
Q

Why were woman and children used to enlist soldiers in Britain? /2

A

They represent innocence

Germans killed innocent people

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11
Q

Why was ENLIST written in red on a conscription poster in Britain?

A

Red represents anger/blood/passion to fight for revenge

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12
Q

What consequences came after Germany sank the Lusitania? /3

A

USA warns Germany that is they were to attack another American ship they will become a threat to the US= USA joins the WWI

Germany restricts submarine warfare

Germany loosens naval blockade to avoid conflict with the USA

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13
Q

Why does Germany resume submarine warfare in 1917? /4

CAUSE

A

Germany is struggling because of the decrease in food and soldiers

Germany is very malnourished by this point in the WWI

Germany kills 1/3 of their pork stock

Germany must enlist children of 12+ y/o

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14
Q

What is Germany’s goal in resuming submarine warfare in 1917? /2

EFFECT

A

Stop Britain’s supplies ships and giving Germany the advantage = Britain will surrender

Advantage: bring back submarine warfare

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15
Q

What is the risk if Germany were to resume the submarine warfare in WWI? /2

A

Sinking another ship will have the USA join WWI

HOWEVER….

It will take the USA a while to mobilize their army, so Britain will surrender during the waiting period

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16
Q

Germany resuming submarine warfare in 1917, is similar to which previous plan?

A

Schlieffen plan

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17
Q

What was America’s first reason in joining WWI? /6

A

1) Germany sinks Lusitania
2) US warns Germany
3) Germany restricts submarine warfare in the Atlantic
4) Germany is decreasing in soldiers and food
5) Germany plans to resume submarine warfare to make Britain suffer by cutting off supply ships including USA ships
6) Plans fails (like the Schlieffen plan did)

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18
Q

What was America’s second reason for joining WWI? /3

A

Germany sends a telegram to Mexico proposing an alliance

Germany proposes that Mexico invade New Mexico/Texas/Arizona to distract the USA and increase the mobilization time

Germans would fund German army

19
Q

What was the purpose of the German-Mexican alliance in WWI? /2

A

US will be distracted by the fights on the South American border

US will not be able to send support to the allies across the Atlantic Ocean since they will be busy with Mexico

20
Q

How come the German-Mexican alliance fails in WWI?

A

Britain intercepted the telegram and warns the USA

21
Q

Why does Britain intercept the German telegram to Mexico?

A

To have the USA join the allies and support them in war

22
Q

What is attrition?

A

Who will give up first

23
Q

How did Woodrow Wilson choose to go into war or not? /2

A

Woodrow Wilson asks the government to vote for declaration of war

“The world must be made safe for democracy”

24
Q

When does the USA join WWI?

A

April 6th, 1917

25
Q

Why was America interested in having the Allies win WWI? /2(3)

A

Since the USA is now supporting the Triple Entente

Send American navy to protect supply
|-> depth charges protected by American navy

26
Q

Did racism play a part in WWI, regarding American troops? /3

A

Yes.

Black and white soldiers fight SEPARATELY

Black soldiers never actually fight on the front lines

27
Q

What was a consequence of Black American soldiers joining WWI?

A

America considers giving them rights did risk their lives just like everyone else

28
Q

What was the purpose of the convoy system on the Atlantic in WWI? /2

A

Protect supply ships with circling military ships

Fewer ships are sunk thanks to this process

29
Q

What major decision in 1918 gave the Central powers an advantage?

A

Russia is pulled out of the war

30
Q

Why was Russia pulled out of WWI in 1918? /3(4)

A

Russia Tsar is overthrown in 1917

New Russian government pulls Russia out of WWI: Polsheviks

Russia had horrid conditions during WWI
|-> soldiers decrease fast

31
Q

Why is it an advantage to Germany that Russia is pulled out of WWI? /2

A

Germans only have to fight on ONE FRONT now!

Germany gains a BIG piece of Russia land

32
Q

What is a consequence of America joining WWI? /3

A

Gives an advantage to the Allies

250 000/month American soldiers arrive

Allies are able to push Germany back into its own borders by late October

33
Q

Why did American soldiers often used hand grenades in WWI?

A

Since baseball was a popular sport back in America

34
Q

What is the German retreat in WWI? /5

A

July-October 1918

Allies push Germans back into German territory

Germany’s allies surrender one by one -> AH being the last one

Kaiser Wilhelm gives up the throne on November 9th

Germany asks US president to broker a peace treaty based on his 14 points

35
Q

What is a broker?

A

The one providing the deal

36
Q

What is a armistice?

A

Laying down of weapons = fighting stops

37
Q

What is the WWI Armistice? /5

A

Signed on November 11th

Takes affect at 11am

Germans must evacuate all German occupied territories on Western Front within 2 weeks (Ukraine + Western fronts)

Fighting stops

Demilitarization of German army: must give the allies all their weapons

38
Q

Where was the WWI Armistice signed? Why is it important for WWII? /2

A

Signed in a railway carriage in the forest of Compiègne

WWII:
Adolf Hitler brings back the same railway carriage

39
Q

Why did Germany lose WWI? /4

A

Germany:

Had no more reserves

Troops were exhausted and ill-equipped

Severe food shortage

Morale of soldiers and civilians at an all-time low

40
Q

Why did the Allies win WWI? /4

A

Allies:

Strong physically and mentally

Fresh troops from USA provide moral boost

Supplies from USA (food and ammunitions) leave Allies civilians in good shape

Britain was better supplies due to its colonies

41
Q

What were the final casualties of WWI? /6(9)

A

9 million soldiers killed
|-> 2 million of 9 died from disease/malnutrition/other causes

13 million civilians killed

21 million wounded
|-> 6.5 million of 21 severely wounded

Millions of civilians in bad health due to blockades

Thousands of square km of terrain destroyed/scarred permanently

Nations (Germany) indebted for huge costs of war
|-> one of the reason of WWII

42
Q

What were Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points? /14

A

No secret treaties (Germany and Mexico)

Free access to the seas in peacetime or wartime (no blockade or submarine warfare)

Free trade between countries (no tarifs, ⬆️ international cooperation)

All countries work towards disarmament (no arms/dreadnought race)
|-> Militarism

Colonies have a say in their own future (Imperialism)

German troops leave Eussia

Independence for Belgium

Alsace-Lorraine to be returned to France (French agree fully)

Border between Austria and Italy to be adjusted

Self-determination for the peoples of Europe (decide which countries they want to be part of)

Serbia to have access to the sea

Self-determination for the peoples of the Turkish Empire (Ottoman Empire falls apart)

Poland to become an independent state w/access to the sea

League of Nations to be set up

43
Q

Who were the 3 main powers who negotiated the peace terms of WWI? /3

A

USA

France

Britain

44
Q

Who was not present to negotiate the peace terms of WWI?

A

Members of Central powers are absent

World History V (12 decks)

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