Road to WWI Flashcards by Laetishia Dorvil

What are the traits of WWI? /3

Extremely basic; trenches

Technology stars to emerge

Horses to carry supplies and soldiers to the battle field

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What are alliances? /5

The CAUSE OF WAR

Developed to protect countries against foreign threats

Designed to guarantee stability: “Balance of Power”

Ends up involving more countries than necessary into a war
|-> creates tension

Escalates a regional conflict into a European and eventually a World War

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What were the two main alliances during WWI? /2

Triple Entente

Central Alliance

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Who are the members of the Triple Entente? /4

IDENTIFY THEM ON A MAP

France

Great Britain

Russia

*Italy

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Who are the members of the Central Alliance? /4

IDENTIFY ON A MAP

Germany

Austria-Hungary

*Italy

Ottoman Empire

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What did Italy do in terms of the alliances of WWI?

Italy will switch from the Central Alliance to the Triple Wntente when WWI begins

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What is the Franco-Prussian war? /3

In 1871

Battle between Prussia/Germany and France
|-> Germany wins

France loses Alsace-Lorraine to Germany

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What are Germany’s concern for WWI? /2

Encircled by Russia-France

France is angry with Germany and eyeing Alsace-Lorraine

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What are Austria-Hungary’s concerns for WWI? /3

Nationalism in their country is one the rise

Russia to the North wants to control Slavic people (Pan-Slavism)

Serbia is gaining power in the South

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What are Italy’s concerns for WWI? /3

Not yet a strong power during WWI

Angry with France taking over a Tunisia
|-> African country Italy wanted

Germany and Austria-Hungary never fully trust Italy (wise move)

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What are Great Britain’s concerns for WWI? /3

Germany’s growing power (navy and army)

Worried about Germany’s arms build-up

Germany’s desire to rival Great Britain’s empire

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What are France’s concerns for WWI? /2

Angry about the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany in 1971

Worried about Germany’s growing power

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What are Russia’s concerns for WWI? /2

Lacking industry; based on agriculture

Concerned about Germany’s growing power

Long rivalry with Austria-Hungary

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What were Germany’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /4

Build an empire to rival/defence/OVERPOWER Britain

Large army and navy

An arms + dreadnought race

Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy

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What were Austria-Hungary’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /3

Ally with Germany for a powerful army/defence

Keep its empire together (keep all its various ethnic groups)

Protect itself from Russia and Serbia (Serbia and Russia are allies)

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What were Italy’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /2

Allies with Germany and Austria-Hungary to isolate France

Get revenge in France for taking Tunisia

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What were Great Britain’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /3

Signed an agreement/allied with France and Russia

Have some control over the events of WWI

Continue being the largest empire and navy (dreadnaught race)

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What were France’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /3

Build up army and industries

Get back Alsace-Lorraine

Allied with Russia and Britain as defence against the Central Alliance

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What were Russia’s plans and ambitions for WWI? /3

Allied with France and Great Britain

Control all Slavic people in Austria-Hungary

Protect Serbia (since they’re allies)

What was Germany’s military strength ranking (1-6)? /2

Military:

Tonnage:

Military: #3

Tonnage: #2

What was Austria-Hungary’s military strength ranking (1-6)? /2

Military:

Tonnage:

Military: #6

Tonnage: #6

What was Italy’s military strength ranking (1-6)? /2

Military:

Tonnage:

Military: #4

Tonnage: #5

What was Great Britain’s military strength ranking (1-6)? /2

Military:

Tonnage:

Military: #5

Tonnage: #1

What was France’s military strength ranking (1-6)? /2

Military:

Tonnage:

Military: #2

Tonnage: #3

What was Russia's military strength ranking (1-6)? /2 Military: Tonnage:

Military: #1 Tonnage: #4

What was the tension between Germany and Britain? /4

Competing to be the strongest/biggest empire and navy Germany wants to OVERPOWER Britain |-> military + arms race Engaged in arms race together Britain is concerned of Germany's growing power

What was the tension between France and Germany? /4

Germany took over Alsace-Lorraine in 1871 |-> territory that belonged to France France is angry and wants revenge France wants to take back Alsace-Lorraine | |->Germany creates alliance as a defence

What was the tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia? /4

Russia executed Pam-Slavism on all Slavic people in AH Long history of enmity (ennemies) with AH |-> Russia is supporting Serbia Serbia and Russia encircle AH AH attempts to keep its empire together from Russia and Serbia

What was the tensions between Italy and France? /3

France took over Tunisia | |-> Italy allies with Germany and AH to isolate France and get revenge ITALY IS BEING PETTY

What are the consequences of alliances in WWI? /3

Rifles with bayonets (soldiers) Militarism Fragile

What is militarism? /2

Every empire has military Building up their navy/arsenal (arms race)

Why are alliances fragile? /2

Equilibrium is quite weak One false move will have the world engulfed in war

What the M.A.I.N reasons of WWI? /4

Military Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

Which 3 factors of M.A.I.N affect one factor? /2

Military + Imperialism + Nationalism Affect Alliances

How does nationalism affect WWI? /2

Austria-Hungary nationalism European countries wanting to prove their superiority over one another |-> believe their country is better

What sparked WWI?

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand

What is the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand? /3

June 28th, 1914 In Sarajevo, Bosnia Black hand: terrorist group forcing Bosnia to join Serbia |-> killers of Franz Ferdinand

How did the assassination of Franz Ferdinand spark WWI? /2

Due to AH being a weak country in regard to military strength, they call onto Germany for support |-> causes Serbia to call onto Russia for support The alliances are dragged into the conflict between Serbia and AH

REVIEW HANDOUTS

MAPS OF AFRICA AND EUROPE

What happened June 28th, 1914?

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary is assassinated in Bosnia city of Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist

What happened July 5th, 1914? /2

AH asks Germany for support: Germany agrees AH offers a blank cheque: signed but amount will be determined by Germany (BAD IDEA)

What happened July 23rd, 1914? /2

Austria-Hungary government gives Serbia a 48h ultimatum Serbia refuses to all AH's terms and begins to mobilize

What happened July 28th, 1914? /2

Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia Serbia turns to Russia for help

What happened July 30th, 1914? /2

Czar Nicholas (Russia) agrees to help Serbia and mobilize the AH army Germany sends Russia an ultimatum to halt mobilization: Russia refuses

What happens August 1st, 1914? /2

Germany declares war on a Russia France mobilizes the Russia army

What happened August 3rd, 1914? /3

Germany declares war on France Germany invaded neutral Belgium Britain gives Germany an ultimatum to halt the invasion of Belgium

What happened August 4th, 1914? /4

No reply from Germany to Britain ultimatum Britain declares war on Germany Canada is automatically at war (since it’s a British colony at the time) EUROPE IS AT WAR!!!