Women's Movement

Question 1

WW2 (2)

Answer 1

• Women had taken positions men traditionally adopted but were forced back into traditional roles when men returned (propaganda used for this)
• 1960s marked change in thinking

Question 2

Pre 1950 (2)

Answer 2

• expected to be homemakers

- limited career, educational opportunities

Question 3

First Wave (3)

Answer 3

• Focused on women’s suffrage

Britain: 1918 - limited franchise and 1928 extended to all women over 21
USA: 1920 - 19th amendment gave women voting rights

Question 4

Women’s Liberation Movement

Answer 4

• Emerged from the CRM
• Encouraged women to reconsider their position in society and assert themselves
• Grew popularity of writers such as Simone de Beauvoir (The Second Sex) and Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)
• 1963: Equal Pay Act
• Title VII of CRA of 1964 prevents job discrimination on basis of gender, race, religion etc.
• The creation and distribution of Enovid in 1960 also empowered women by allowing them to plan and avoid pregnancies.
• Workplace inequality: 1963 - Eleanor Roosevelt pressures JFK to set up the Commission of the Status of Women which found great discrimination.

Question 5

NOW (7)

Answer 5

• National Organisation for Women
• Formed in 1966 by Betty Freidan and 27 other women.
• Legal equality of women
• Largely white, middle class and older
• Aimed to establish women in legal systems and encouraged women to strive for better QOL through education and jobs. “Personal is political”
• Used strikes, petitions and legal action.
• Had 40000 members by the 1970s

Question 6

CSW

Answer 6

• 50% of workforce yet:
• 95% of managers were men
• 50-60% of wages earned
• Dismissed when married and given low responsibility jobs

Question 7

WLM

Answer 7

• Change social structure of America

- Drew attention to women’s issues through sit-ins, street theatre and mass demonstrations (invaded all-male clubs)