Women's Health, External Genitalia, Vaginal and Cervical Patho Flashcards
Where is neoplasia most likely in the cervix?
Squamocolumnar junction (due to cell arrangement have more gaps making it susceptible to infection)
How much leukorrhea (normal vaginal discharge) daily?
1-4mL per day
What is the normal pH of vaginal discharge?
4-4.5
What organism makes up the bulk of normal vaginal flora?
Lactobacillus (99%)
What are the etiologies of vulvovaginitis?
STI, abx, hormonal imbalance, douching, sexual activity
Vulvovaginitis can lead to this complication?
Vaginal and/or cervical friability
The inflammation of vulvovaginitis can lead to what other presenting sympotms?
Erythema
Puritis
Burning
Dyspareunia
What is the most common pathogen in vulvovaginitis?
Candidiasis
What autoimmune disorders are associated with non-infectious vulvovaginitis?
SLE, RA
What is cervicitis?
Inflammation of the cervix
What is the most common infection causing acute cervicitis?
Gonorrhea
What are the symptoms associated with cervicitis?
Spotting, dyspareunia, pruritis, vaginal discharge
What infection is associated with strawberry cervix?
Trichomonias
How does HPV infect the host?
Infects through entry in basal layer of epidermis
What strands of HPV most commonly cause cervical cancer?
16 and 18
What area is the most commonly infected with HPV?
Squamocolumner junction, transition from intravaginal to intracervical
How are spirochete infections evaluated with for diagnosis?
Darkfield microscopy
How does primary syphilis present?
Presents with a painless chancre 3-6 weeks after exposure at site of inoculation. Localized lymphadenopathy.
What is pelvic organ prolapse?
Herniation of pelvic organs into or beyond vaginal walls, pelvic floor muscles (levator ani) looses supportive functioning and becomes weak
What is a bartholin cyst?
lubricating Bartholin gland becomes blocked so that fluid accumulates (blockage)
Are Bartholin cysts usually infectious?
No, usually sterile
What is an anovaginal fistula?
Tract that forms between the vagina and rectum or anus…the vagina and rectum become friends
How does an anovaginal fistula present?
Fecal discharge through the vaginal orifice
