Women's Health, External Genitalia, Vaginal and Cervical Patho

Question 1

Where is neoplasia most likely in the cervix?

Answer 1

Squamocolumnar junction (due to cell arrangement have more gaps making it susceptible to infection)

Question 2

How much leukorrhea (normal vaginal discharge) daily?

Answer 2

1-4mL per day

Question 3

What is the normal pH of vaginal discharge?

Answer 3

4-4.5

Question 4

What organism makes up the bulk of normal vaginal flora?

Answer 4

Lactobacillus (99%)

Question 5

What are the etiologies of vulvovaginitis?

Answer 5

STI, abx, hormonal imbalance, douching, sexual activity

Question 6

Vulvovaginitis can lead to this complication?

Answer 6

Vaginal and/or cervical friability

Question 7

The inflammation of vulvovaginitis can lead to what other presenting sympotms?

Answer 7

Erythema
Puritis
Burning
Dyspareunia

Question 8

What is the most common pathogen in vulvovaginitis?

Answer 8

Candidiasis

Question 9

What autoimmune disorders are associated with non-infectious vulvovaginitis?

Answer 9

SLE, RA

Question 10

What is cervicitis?

Answer 10

Inflammation of the cervix

Question 11

What is the most common infection causing acute cervicitis?

Answer 11

Gonorrhea

Question 12

What are the symptoms associated with cervicitis?

Answer 12

Spotting, dyspareunia, pruritis, vaginal discharge

Question 13

What infection is associated with strawberry cervix?

Answer 13

Trichomonias

Question 14

How does HPV infect the host?

Answer 14

Infects through entry in basal layer of epidermis

Question 15

What strands of HPV most commonly cause cervical cancer?

Answer 15

16 and 18

Question 16

What area is the most commonly infected with HPV?

Answer 16

Squamocolumner junction, transition from intravaginal to intracervical

Question 17

How are spirochete infections evaluated with for diagnosis?

Answer 17

Darkfield microscopy

Question 18

How does primary syphilis present?

Answer 18

Presents with a painless chancre 3-6 weeks after exposure at site of inoculation. Localized lymphadenopathy.

Question 19

What is pelvic organ prolapse?

Answer 19

Herniation of pelvic organs into or beyond vaginal walls, pelvic floor muscles (levator ani) looses supportive functioning and becomes weak

Question 20

What is a bartholin cyst?

Answer 20

lubricating Bartholin gland becomes blocked so that fluid accumulates (blockage)

Question 21

Are Bartholin cysts usually infectious?

Answer 21

No, usually sterile

Question 22

What is an anovaginal fistula?

Answer 22

Tract that forms between the vagina and rectum or anus…the vagina and rectum become friends

Question 23

How does an anovaginal fistula present?

Answer 23

Fecal discharge through the vaginal orifice