Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SAPE > Women's Health > Flashcards

Women's Health Flashcards

1
Q

Turner Syndrome Summary

A

Def: genetic abnormality in women

SS:
amenorrhea
delayed puberty
webbed neck
small stature
poor breast development
coarctation of aorta

Txt:
growth hormone
estrogen - during puberty
progestins - later to prevent endometrial hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fibroadenoma

A

Most common solid mass found in women of reproductive years (15-50)

SS:
firm, round, well circumscribed, mobile mass

eval: classic US appearance and/or needle bx

Tx:
does not require excision, although most women prefer it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mastitis/Abscess

A

SS:
pain, swollen, erythematous breast

Tx:
Abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lichen sclerosus

A

Def: inflammatory condition of the valva

Cause: autoimmune

SS:
vulvar pruitis
vulvar pain
dysuria
dyspareunia
white, wrinkled skin on labia

Eval:
punch biopsy

Txt:
Topical steroids (2-3 mths and then weekly)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus

A

Def: lichenified skin reaction to chronic scratching

Cause: atopic dermatitis, cadidia, tinea

SS:
progressive pruritis
progressive burning
red papules form scaly plaques

Eval:
clinical

Txt:
underlying cause
antipruritis meds
topical steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lichen planus

A

Def: inflammatory condition

Cause: autoimmune in older women

SS:
chronic pruritis
dyspareunia
post-coital bleeding
red/white, patchy, ulcerative lesions

Eval:
Clinical
Biopsy

Txt:
topical steroids
oral prednisones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psoriasis

A

SS:
pruritic
scaly, silvery patch on erythematous base

Eval:
Biopsy

Txt:
Topical steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vestibulitis summary

A

Def: localized vulvar pain without dermatitis

SS:
severe pain on touch vulva
dyspareunia
small, reddened patchy areas

Eval:
light touch over vestibule recreate pain

Txt:
Topical lidocaine
notripyline
gabapentin
abstinence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bartholin gland cyst summary

A

Def: obstruction of bartholin glands

SS:
asymptomatic
pain and tenderness
firm swelling of posterior vaginal introitus

Eval:
clinical

Txt:
word catheter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Candidiasis Vaginosis

A 
SS: 
white, thick discharge
intense pruritis
dysruria
vulvar/labial erythema
excoiation
often without odor

Eval:
Normal pH
hyphae/spores on KOH, wet prep or culture

Tx:
Oral fluconazole 150mg PO for 1 dose
vaginal hygiene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A

SS:
nonirritating discharge
thin, gray, white/yellow discharge
foul vaginal odor

Eval:
Amsel criteria
- abnormal discharge
- abnormal pH >4.5
- positive whiff test with KOH
- clue cells

Tx:
metronidazole 500mg PO bid for 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Trichomoniasis vaginosis

A 
SS:
persistent, profuse, frothy discharge
vulvar pruritis/foul odor
dysuria
small petechiae (strawberry spots)

Eval:
motile flagellate
KOH whiff
pH >4.5

Tx:
systemic metronidazole 2 gm PO x 1 or 500 mg PO bid for 7 days, must tx partner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Human papillomavirus

A 
SS:
numerous, discrete fleshy lumps
smooth velvety surface
symmetric
coalesce  into cauliflower like regions
mass, pruritis, burning, bleeding

Dgx: visual inspection (may require acetic acid wash to visualize affected skin)

Tx:
Surgical
chemical destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Herpes simplex virus

A

SS:
small, painful, grouped vesicles develop at site of contact
flu-like symptoms

Dgx:
clinical presentation
tzanck smear

Tx:
acyclovir 200mg PO 5 times/day x 7-10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chlamydia

A 
SS:
often asx
mucopurulent discharge with cercitis
dysuria
postcoital bleeding
pelvic pain
fever

Dgx:
DNA assay
cervical culture

Tx:
azithromycin 1 gm x 1
doxycycline 100mg bid x 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gonorrhea

A 
SS: 
can be asx
copious mucopurulent discharge
dysuria
pelvic pain
fever

Dgx:
culture

Tx:
ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1
azithromycin 1 gm x 1 for chlamydia

17
Q

Syphilis

A

SS:
painless, hard, indurated ulcer forms at site of inoculation (chancre)

Dgx: spirochete seen on dark microscopy

Tx:
PenG 2.4 million units IM x 1

18
Q

PID

A 
SS:
often asx
low bilateral abdominal pain
vaginal discharge
dysuria
dyspareunia
N/V/F/C

Dgx:
clinical
imaging

Txt:
ceftriaxone 250mg IM x 1 plus doxy 100mg PO bid continue for 14 days

19
Q

Threatened Abortion

A 
S/s:
vaginal bleeding
painless or mild suprapubic pain
closed cervical os
products of conception not visualized
uterine size appropriate for gestational age

Eval:
Serum HcG

Tx:
Supportive management

20
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A 
S/s:
abd pain
abnormal uterine bleeding
pregnancy sx
dizziness
amenorrhea
abd tenderness

Eval:
UPT
hcG
transvaginal US

Tx:
methotrexate
surgery is preferred

21
Q

Uterine prolapse

A

sagging of the uterus

S/s:
pressure
feeling of something bulging
urinary incontinence
retention
cramping
low back pain

Tx:
nothing
pessary
hysterectomy

22
Q

Menopausal transition summary

A

Def: time frame due to when menstrual cycle length changes to end of LMP

SS:
Stages:
-2 = variable cycle length diff from normal
-1 = > 2 skipped cycles and amenorrhea > 60 days
FSH increases
Intermenstrual interval increases to 40 - 50 days

Eval:
diary

Txt:
symptomatic

23
Q

Postmenopause summary

A

Def: 12 months after LMP

Stage:1 - First 5 years after the final menstrual period
* accelerated bone loss
2 - begin 5 years after final period to death
* vaginal symptoms

Txt:
Estrogen/Progesterone
SERMs

24
Q

Osteoporosis summary

A

Def: decrease in bone mass with increased risk for fracture

SS:
asymptomatic
fragility fracture
dowager's hump
height loss
Eval:
CBC
Vit D
Serum
Xray followed by CT
FRAX
DEXA T > -2.5
Txt:
Nonpharm
- Diet
- smoking
- alcohol
- weight bearing exercise
- fall prevention
Pharm
- Vit D
- Calcium (calcium carbonate 500 mg bid)
- SERMS
- Bisphosphonates (alendronate 35 mg/wk)
- Calcitonin
- Teriparatide
- Denosumab
25
Q

Premenstrual syndrome

A 
S/s:
HA
fatigue
mastalgia
abdominal bloating
Tx:
SSRI
SNRI
OCP
NSAIDs
26
Q

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

A

S/s:
Mood sx predominate (anxiety, affective lability, anhedonia-loss of interest, low mood), markedly intereferes with school or work or social life; STILL have a sx free period

Dgx:
CC of irritability, tension, dysphoria, mood lability AND 5 out of 11 consistent sx

Tx:
SSRIs-fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine; Alprazolam
OCPs

27
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

the pain associated with onset of menses

S/s: uterine cramps, D, N, V, HA

Dgx: hx-pain specific

Tx:
NSAIDs
hormones/OCPs/LARCs

28
Q

Endometriosis

A

S/s:
pain 1-2 weeks before menses, relieved at onset of menses

Dgx:
careful hx

Tx:
hormones/OCPs
pain meds

29
Q

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

A 
S/s:
irregularities
infertility
hypertension
central obesity
male pattern alopecia
hirsutism
acne vulgaris

Tx:
OCP and metformin

30
Q

Nipple discharge

A

milky- pregnancy or elevated prolactin levels
Clear or greenish - normal
Bloody - benign growth

31
Q

PAP test info

A

swab of cervical cells
liquid-based cytology most common
21-29 every 3 years
30 - 65 years - co-testing

32
Q

What is hyperemesis gravidarum

A

N/V in preg

33
Q

Hypertension with pregs

A

preeclampsia-eclampsia = > 20 weeks increase bp

chronic HTN = BP increase before 20 weeks or does not resolve after birth

34
Q

Too much/too little estrogen

A

N, breast tenderness, increased BP, melasma, HA

too little: early or mid cycle breakthrough bleeding, increased spotting, hypomenorrhea

35
Q

Five signals of serious trouble with OC

A 
Abdominal pain
Chest pain
HA
Eye problems
Severe leg pain
36
Q

What OC to use

A

young and healthy: sprinted 0.25 mg/35 mcg po day x 21 days

acne: ortho-tricyclen, estrostep, yaz

minimize estrogen exposure: ALESSe, LESSina

breastfeeding or estrogen CI: avoid estrogen with Micronor

PMS, HA, anemia, endometriosis: consider extended cycle like Seasonale

37
Q

Menopause

A

Txt:
CEE 0.3 mg po qday
MPA 2.5 mg qday for 12-14 days
Estradiol transdermal 0.025 mg q24 hr (2x week)
Estradiol & norethindrone 0.5/0.1 mg po qd

SAPE (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions