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SAPE > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

PUD

A

Def: break in gastric mucosa resulting from acid and pepsin

SS:
stomach pain
dyspepsia
belching
bleeding

Eval:
Endoscopy
urea breath test

Txt:
remove smoke, NSAIDs, alcohol
H pylori:
- PPI (omeprazole 20 mg qd x 4 wks)
and clarithromycin, amoxicillian, metronidazole
PPI/H2
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2
Q

Salmonella illness

A

G- bacilli

SS:
N/V/D (maybe blood)
HA
fever
chills
abdominal cramps

Eval:
stool culture

Txt:
self-limiting 3 - 5 days
fluids
supportive care

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3
Q

Salmonella Enteric Fever

A 
Def: Typhoid fever
caused typhi (travel related)
SS:
gradual onset
N/V
ab pain
HA
Bradycardia
splenomegaly
abd distention
rose spots
stepladder of fever
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4
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A 
Symps: 
diarrhea (bloody)
ab pain
fever
N/V

dgx:
stool culture

txt:
self-limiting
abx for severe:azithromycin or FQ

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5
Q

Shigella

A 
SS:
diarrhea with blood and mucous
crampy abd pain
fever
tender abdomen

Eval:
stool culture
FOBT

Txt:
supportive
abx if needed

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6
Q

E. Coli 0157:H7

A 
SS:
bloody watery diarrhea (>5 day)
hemorrhagic colitis
ab pain
afebrile

eval:
stool culture

txt:
supportive

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7
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A 
SS:
fever
watery diarrhea
N/V
HA
joint/muscle pain

Eval:
blood culture

txt:
ampicillin

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8
Q

Trichinosis

A 
SS:
asymptomatic
N/V/D
ab pain
muscle weakness

dgx:
serology
muscle biopsy

txt:
antiparasitic

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9
Q

Hep A

A 
SS:
dark urine
fatigue
low-grade fever
N/V
jaundice
clay-colored stools

Eval:
antibody testing

Txt:
supportive

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10
Q

GERD

A

Def: acid reflux

SS:
Heartburn
hoarseness
cough
chest pain

Eval:
clinical
endoscopy

Txt:
PPI - Omeprazole 20 mg qd 4 - 16 wks
Ranitidine 150 bid

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11
Q

Dysphagia

A

Def: trouble swallowing

SS:
lack of swallow
regurgitation of food

Eval:
barium swallow
* zenker diverticulum - pouch
* achalasia - birds beak
endoscopy

Txt:
surgical

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12
Q

Mallory-weiss tear

A

Def: tear in mucosal lining

SS:
blood
painless

Eval:
endoscopy

Txt:
endoscopic banding

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13
Q

gastritis

A

Def: inflammation of stomach

SS:
ab pain
dyspepsia

Eval:
endoscopy
Urea breath test

Txt:
remove cause

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14
Q

Constipation

A

SS:
decrease stool volume

Txt:
docusate 100 mg po bid

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15
Q

Celiac disease

A 
SS:
diarrhea
weight loss
steatorrhea
flatulence

Eval:
serologic screening
small bowel biopsy

Txt:
gluten-free diet

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16
Q

Crohn disease

A 
SS:
ab cramp
diarrhea
cobblestone
skip areas

Eval:
colonoscopy
B12 deficiency

Txt:
prednisone
diet
mesalamine
no smoke
17
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

SS:
bloody, pus-filled diarrhea

Eval:
colonoscopy

Txt:
surgery
steroids

18
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome

A

SS:
ab pain LLQ
tender sigmoid colon
dyspepsia

Eval:
colonoscopy

Txt:
diet
bulking agents

19
Q

Intussusception

A

SS:
colicky ab pain
mucous/blood stool (currant-jelly)

Eval:
barium

Txt:
barium
surgery

20
Q

Diverticulitis

A

SS:
ab pain LLQ
N/V
hematochezia

Eval:
xray

Txt:
diet
abx
surgery

21
Q

Anal abscess/fistula

A

SS:
painful swelling

Eval:
DRE

Txt:
incise and drain

22
Q

hemorrhoids

A

SS:
visible varices
bleed with defecation

Eval:
clinical

Txt:
diet/fluids
suppositories

23
Q

Appendicitis

A

SS:
RLQ pain from midline
N/V
fever

Eval:
Roving sign
Posts sign
guarding
obturator sign

Txt:
surgical

24
Q

pancreatitis

A

SS:
epigastric pain to back
N/V
fever

Eval:
US
serum amylase/lipase
Ranson criteria

Txt:
NPO
narcotics

25
Q

cholecystitis

A 
SS:
colicky RUQ pain
right shoulder pain
N/V
fever

Eval:
bilirubin levels
US
ERCP

Txt:
Surgery

26
Q

Cirrhosis

A 
SS:
weakness
fatigue
weight loss
N/V
ab pain
hepatomegaly

Eval:
US
CT

Txt:
remove alcohol
liver transplant

27
Q

Hernia

A

SS:
protrusion through wall

Txt:
reduction
surgery

28
Q

C. Diff

A

metronidazole 15 mg/kg over 1 hr

29
Q

Motion sickness

A

prochlorperazine 5 mg qid

30
Q

H2 blocker

A

ranitidine 150 bid

SAPE (15 decks)

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