women's health Flashcards
PCOS is diagnosed based off what criteria?
Rotterdam criteria –needs to meet 2 out of 3
-irregular cycle
-hyperandrogenism
-cystic ovaries
patient is having heavier periods, what changes can be made to her birth control?
increase levonorgestrel (LNG) because there is less breakthrough bleeding
for a patient with migraines with aura, what method of birth control is best?
progestin-only birth control
for patients that are among ages 9 to 14, how many doses and months apart should they wait for Gardasil ?
2 doses, 6 months apart.
**if they are sexually active they should get 3 doses
for patients that are among 15 to 26 years, how many doses and months apart should they wait for gardasil in each interval?
3 doses, and at 0, 1-2 months apart, and 6 months apart
what is the cervical cancer screening recommendation for women 21 to 29?
screening pap every 3 years
what is the cervical cancer screening recommendation for women 30 to 65 years?
every 3 years for pap OR every 5 years for hpv or every 5 years for both
what is the treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy?
intravaginal estrogen
what is the gold standard test for screening osteoporosis ?
a dexa scan (Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry)
a T score of -1.0 to -2.5 is what diagnosis?
osteopenia (+risk factors)
a T score of less than -2.5 is what diagnosis?
osteoporosis
what are the first line medications for treating osteoporosis?
bisphosphonates
think alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid
what is the recommendation for calcium in osteoporosis patients?
calcium supplement 1200 mg daily
what is the recommendation for vitamin D3 in osteporosis patients?
vitamin d3 supplementation 800 to 1,000 IU daily
a red-colored rash that is scaly (resembling eczema( and starts at the nipple and spreads to the areola of one breast. women will complain of itching, pain, or burning sensation. what is this?
Paget’s disease of the breast
for women who have a high lifetime risk should undergo annual screening mammogram, annual breast MRI and clinical breast exam every 6 to 12 months beginning at what age?
beginning 10 yrs prior to the age at the diagnosis of the youngest affected family member
puberty in girls starts with breast buds, which is at what tanner stage?
tanner stage 2 (II)
when is it best to perform a pap test ?
at least 5 days after the period stops
screening women without a cervix
stop screening if a patient does not have a cervix as a result of a hysterectomy for a benign condition
potassium hydroxide slide or KOH test is used to diagnose what?
candida or fungal infections
a whiff test is associated with what gynecological diagnosis?
bacterial vaginosis
a positive result occurs when a strong, fish-like odor is released after one or two drops of KOH are added to the slide.
Tzanck smear is used for what?
herpetic infection
what is the black box warning for Depo-provera?
avoid long term use (more than 2 yrs) because it increases risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis that may not be fully reversible.
what do you tell a patient that misses two consecutive days of birth control pill?
take the most recent missed pill asap, discard any leftover missed pills. continue taking remaining pills at the usual time. use back up contraception or avoid sex until hormonal pills have been taken for 7 consecutive straight days
